Dominguez Dejanira V, Cohen Motti, Brom Danny
The Israel Center for the Treatment of Psychotrauma, The Latner Institute, Herzog Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2004;41(2):98-110.
We investigated the prevalence of exposure to traumatic events, the prevalence of post-traumatic suffering and dissociative symptoms, and the relationship between type of trauma and dissociation in a large sample of outpatient adults (ages 18-65) seeking treatment at an urban ambulatory mental health clinic in Jerusalem (N = 298).
Study participants completed self-report measures regarding trauma history, post-traumatic symptoms of intrusion and avoidance phenomena, and both psychological and somatic dissociative phenomena.
98% of our sample reported experiencing at least one lifetime traumatic event, 83% of subjects who completed the Impact of Events Scale reported high levels of intrusion and avoidance symptoms, and 15% of the sample reported high levels of dissociative phenomena. Elevated dissociation was associated with physical and sexual abuse, particularly early childhood abuse, as well as increased prevalence of lifetime traumatic events. Diagnoses did not reflect the high levels of post-traumatic and dissociative symptoms.
Our findings indicate the need for increased awareness and improved screening of traumatic exposure and its psychological impact upon psychiatric outpatients.
我们在耶路撒冷一家城市门诊心理健康诊所寻求治疗的大量成年门诊患者（年龄18 - 65岁，N = 298）样本中，调查了创伤事件暴露的患病率、创伤后痛苦和解离症状的患病率，以及创伤类型与解离之间的关系。
研究参与者完成了关于创伤史、创伤后侵入和回避现象症状以及心理和躯体解离现象的自我报告测量。
我们样本中的98%报告称至少经历过一次终生创伤事件，完成事件影响量表的受试者中有83%报告有高水平的侵入和回避症状，样本中有15%报告有高水平的解离现象。解离水平升高与身体和性虐待有关，尤其是童年早期虐待，以及终生创伤事件患病率增加。诊断并未反映出创伤后和解离症状的高水平。
我们的研究结果表明，需要提高对创伤暴露及其对精神科门诊患者心理影响的认识并改进筛查。
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