Cullen Karen W, Baranowski Tom, Klesges Lisa M, Watson Kathy, Sherwood Nancy E, Story Mary, Zakeri Issa, Leachman-Slawson Deborah, Pratt Charlotte
Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030-2600, USA.
Obes Res. 2004 Sep;12 Suppl:20S-31S. doi: 10.1038/oby.2004.265.
This paper identifies the anthropometric, parental, and psychosocial characteristics and meal practices (e.g., breakfast skipping and number of meals and snacks consumed) associated with consumption of total energy, percent energy from fat, fruit, 100% fruit juice, vegetables, sweetened beverages, and water among 8- to 10-year-old African-American girls.
This study included 114 8- to 10-year-old African-American girls and a parent or primary caregiver. Girls and a parent or primary caregiver completed several dietary questionnaires. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted with each girl. Height and weight were measured. Separate hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for each dependent dietary variable; potential field center differences were examined.
The number of meals and snacks consumed was correlated with energy intake. Lower BMI was related to higher vegetable consumption, and the number of snacks consumed was positively related to sweetened beverage consumption. Greater low-fat food preparation practices reported by parents were related to lower consumption of fat as a percentage of total energy.
Dietary behavior differed across geographic areas. Low-fat food preparation practices in the home seemed to be an important influence on the percentage of energy consumed from fat. Greater vegetable consumption was associated with lower BMI. Interventions to prevent excessive weight gain in African-American girls should encourage low-fat food preparation in the home and greater consumption of vegetables.
本文确定了8至10岁非裔美国女孩在总能量、脂肪能量百分比、水果、100%果汁、蔬菜、含糖饮料和水的摄入量方面,与其人体测量学、父母及社会心理特征以及饮食行为(如不吃早餐、进餐次数和零食摄入量)之间的关联。
本研究纳入了114名8至10岁的非裔美国女孩及其父母或主要照顾者。女孩及其父母或主要照顾者完成了几份饮食调查问卷。对每个女孩进行了两次24小时饮食回顾调查。测量了身高和体重。对每个饮食相关的因变量进行了单独的分层回归分析;检查了潜在的地区差异。
进餐次数和零食摄入量与能量摄入相关。较低的体重指数与较高的蔬菜摄入量相关,零食摄入量与含糖饮料摄入量呈正相关。父母报告的更多低脂食物烹饪习惯与较低的脂肪能量占总能量的比例相关。
不同地理区域的饮食行为存在差异。家庭中的低脂食物烹饪习惯似乎对脂肪能量占总能量的比例有重要影响。较高的蔬菜摄入量与较低的体重指数相关。预防非裔美国女孩体重过度增加的干预措施应鼓励家庭进行低脂食物烹饪,并增加蔬菜摄入量。