Rodríguez-García P L, Rodríguez-Pupo L, Rodríguez-García D
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Docente Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, Las Tunas, Cuba.
Rev Neurol. 2004;39(8):757-66.
The purpose of this work is to focus on the main practical aspects of the techniques used for the physical examination of the nervous system and to present an approach for the practice of this study in adult patients.
We recommend clinicians to carry out a brief but consistent and effective exploration in a systematic, flexible and orderly manner to check for alterations in the functioning of the nervous system. Should any anomalies be detected, then a more detailed and thorough neurological exploration must be performed selectively. The techniques and data from this examination are organised into five broad categories: mental status, cranial nerves, motor function, reflex function and sensory function. The practical aspects of the main techniques used in the physical exploration are reviewed and we also describe the technique to be employed for palpating the main peripheral nerves.
The study offers a detailed description of the chief clinical techniques used in the physical exploration of the cranial nerves and for the palpation of the peripheral nerves; we also present an approach to performing the neurological examination. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of physically examining the nervous system in contemporary medicine and the need to continually perfect the way these techniques are performed in order to achieve an efficient clinical practice.
本研究旨在聚焦神经系统体格检查技术的主要实际应用方面，并提出针对成年患者进行此项检查的实践方法。
我们建议临床医生以系统、灵活且有序的方式进行简短但连贯且有效的检查，以检测神经系统功能是否存在改变。若发现任何异常，则必须有选择地进行更详细、全面的神经学检查。此次检查的技术和数据分为五大类：精神状态、脑神经、运动功能、反射功能和感觉功能。本文回顾了体格检查中主要技术的实际应用方面，还描述了用于触诊主要周围神经的技术。
本研究详细描述了用于脑神经体格检查及周围神经触诊的主要临床技术；我们还提出了进行神经学检查的方法。此外，我们强调了在当代医学中对神经系统进行体格检查的重要性，以及不断完善这些技术的实施方式以实现高效临床实践的必要性。
