印度阿格拉土壤中嗜角蛋白真菌区系的多样性。

Diversity of keratinophilic mycoflora in the soil of Agra (India).

作者信息

Saxena P, Kumar A, Shrivastava J N

机构信息

Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra 282 005, India.

出版信息

Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2004;49(4):430-4. doi: 10.1007/BF02931605.

DOI:10.1007/BF02931605

PMID:15530009

Abstract

Diversity of keratinophilic mycoflora in the soil of Agra was under observation for 1 year (July 2001-June 2002) and isolation of keratinophilic fungi was followed by the hair-baiting method. The frequency of occurrence of keratinophilic fungi in 284 soil samples collected from various hospitals, cattle yards, poultry farms, crop fields and playgrounds was determined, 204 samples (72%) having been found to be positive. A total of 33 species classified into 11 genera (Acremonium, Aspergillus, Chrysosporium, Emmonsia, Geomyces, Keratinophyton, Microsporum, Myceliophthora, Penicillium, Sporotrichum, Trichophyton) were encountered from the soil samples. Sporotrichum spp. were found to be the most dominant species followed by Trichophyton simii. The parameter of keratinophilic fungi found in the samples studied ranged from 62 to 80% where playgrounds yielded the maximum number of species (80%) while the least dominating soil was hospital soil (62%). Among all the baits used maximum fungi occurred on human hairs (82%) followed by chicken feather (74%), wool (61%) and the least on horns (45%). The spectrum of keratinophilic fungi isolated from different sites differed considerably according to the frequency of use by humans.

摘要

对阿格拉土壤中嗜角质真菌区系的多样性进行了为期1年（2001年7月至2002年6月）的观察，并采用毛发诱饵法分离嗜角质真菌。测定了从各医院、养牛场、家禽养殖场、农田和操场采集的284份土壤样本中嗜角质真菌的出现频率，发现204份样本（72%）呈阳性。从土壤样本中总共分离出33个种，归为11个属（顶孢霉属、曲霉属、金孢子菌属、埃蒙斯菌属、地霉菌属、嗜角质菌属、小孢子菌属、毁丝霉属、青霉属、孢子丝菌属、毛癣菌属）。发现孢子丝菌属是最主要的菌种，其次是猴类毛癣菌。在所研究的样本中，嗜角质真菌的参数范围为62%至80%，其中操场的菌种数量最多（80%），而最少的是医院土壤（62%）。在所有使用的诱饵中，最多的真菌出现在人发上（82%），其次是鸡毛（74%）、羊毛（61%），最少的是角（45%）。根据人类使用频率的不同，从不同地点分离出的嗜角质真菌谱有很大差异。