Cooksey Robert C, de Waard Jacobus H, Yakrus Mitchell A, Rivera Ismar, Chopite Marina, Toney Sean R, Morlock Glenn P, Butler W Ray
Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Laboratorio de Tuberculosis, Instituto de Biomedicina, Caracas, Venezuela.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2004 Nov;54(Pt 6):2385-2391. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63238-0.
Four isolates of a rapidly growing Mycobacterium species had a mycolic acid pattern similar to that of Mycobacterium smegmatis, as determined by HPLC analyses. Three of the isolates were from footbath drains and a sink at a nail salon located in Atlanta, GA, USA; the fourth was obtained from a granulomatous subdermal lesion of a female patient in Venezuela who was undergoing mesotherapy. By random amplified polymorphic DNA electrophoresis and PFGE of large restriction fragments, the three isolates from the nail salon were shown to be the same strain but different from the strain from the patient in Venezuela. Polymorphisms in regions of the rpoB, hsp65 and 16S rRNA genes that were shown to be useful for species identification matched for the two strains but were different from those of other Mycobacterium species. The 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strains in a taxonomic group along with Mycobacterium frederiksbergense, Mycobacterium hodleri, Mycobacterium diernhoferi and Mycobacterium neoaurum. The strains produced a pale-yellow pigment when grown in the dark at the optimal temperature of 35 degrees C. Biochemical testing showed that the strains were positive for iron uptake, nitrate reduction and utilization of d-mannitol, d-xylose, iso-myo-inositol, l-arabinose, citrate and d-trehalose. The strains were negative for d-sorbitol utilization and production of niacin and 3-day arylsulfatase, although arylsulfatase activity was observed after 14 days. The isolates grew on MacConkey agar without crystal violet but not on media containing 5 % (w/v) NaCl or at 45 degrees C. They were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, tobramycin, cefoxitin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole and imipenem. The name Mycobacterium cosmeticum sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species; two strains, LTA-388(T) (=ATCC BAA-878(T)=CIP 108170(T)) (the type strain) and 2003-11-06 (=ATCC BAA-879=CIP 108169) have been designated, respectively, for the strains of the patient in Venezuela and from the nail salon in Atlanta, GA, USA.
通过高效液相色谱分析确定，4株快速生长的分枝杆菌菌株的分枝菌酸模式与耻垢分枝杆菌相似。其中3株分离自美国佐治亚州亚特兰大一家美甲沙龙的足浴排水口和一个水槽；第4株分离自委内瑞拉一名正在接受中胚层疗法的女性患者的肉芽肿性皮下病变。通过随机扩增多态性DNA电泳和大限制性片段的脉冲场凝胶电泳，发现来自美甲沙龙的3株分离株为同一菌株，但与来自委内瑞拉患者的菌株不同。rpoB、hsp65和16S rRNA基因区域的多态性显示对菌种鉴定有用，这两个菌株的多态性相匹配，但与其他分枝杆菌菌种不同。16S rRNA基因序列将这些菌株与弗雷德里克斯堡分枝杆菌、霍德勒分枝杆菌、迪恩霍费尔分枝杆菌和新金色分枝杆菌归为一个分类群。这些菌株在35℃最适温度下黑暗中生长时产生淡黄色色素。生化试验表明，这些菌株对铁摄取、硝酸盐还原以及d-甘露醇、d-木糖、异肌醇、l-阿拉伯糖、柠檬酸盐和d-海藻糖的利用呈阳性。这些菌株对d-山梨醇利用以及烟酸和3天芳基硫酸酯酶的产生呈阴性，不过在14天后观察到了芳基硫酸酯酶活性。这些分离株能在不含结晶紫的麦康凯琼脂上生长，但不能在含5%（w/v）氯化钠的培养基上生长，也不能在45℃生长。它们对环丙沙星、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、头孢西丁、克拉霉素、强力霉素、磺胺甲恶唑和亚胺培南敏感。建议将这个新菌种命名为美容分枝杆菌。已分别为来自委内瑞拉患者的菌株和来自美国佐治亚州亚特兰大美甲沙龙的菌株指定了两个菌株，即LTA-388(T)（=ATCC BAA-878(T)=CIP 108170(T)）（模式菌株）和2003-11-06（=ATCC BAA-879=CIP 108169）。
