Durrieu Gilles, Maury-Brachet Régine, Boudou Alain
Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie et Ecotoxicologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, UMR CNRS 5805, University Bordeaux 1, Place du Dr. Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2005 Mar;60(3):315-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.05.004.
Mercury contamination of 35 freshwater fish species collected from the upper part of the Petit-Saut hydroelectric reservoir (French Guiana) was analyzed in relation to their food regimes. Results showed marked biomagnification: the ratio between extreme Hg concentrations in the muscle from piscivorous species (14.3 microg/g, dry weight (dw) for Acestrorhynchus guianensis) and herbivorous species (0.02 microg/g, dw for Myleus ternetzi) was 715. The piscivorous species Hoplias aimara was selected to define the relationships between biometric criteria and Hg accumulation. The probability of catching a H. aimara exceeding the WHO safety limit (2.5 microg Hg/g, dw) was computed from the kernel density estimator of mercury concentrations in the muscle: for fish weighing over 1 kg (fish usually consumed), the probability was 0.93. From these results, H. aimara could be considered an indicator of mercury biomagnification in the foodwebs and a potential risk to human populations that include this fish in their diet.
对从法属圭亚那小萨乌特水电水库上游采集的35种淡水鱼的汞污染情况与其食物结构的关系进行了分析。结果显示出明显的生物放大作用：食肉类物种（圭亚那锯腹脂鲤肌肉中汞的极端浓度为14.3微克/克干重）与食草类物种（特氏油鲶为0.02微克/克干重）肌肉中汞浓度的比值为715。选择食肉类物种艾氏狗脂鲤来确定生物特征标准与汞积累之间的关系。根据肌肉中汞浓度的核密度估计值，计算出捕获汞含量超过世界卫生组织安全限值（2.5微克汞/克干重）的艾氏狗脂鲤的概率：对于体重超过1千克的鱼（通常是食用的鱼），该概率为0.93。根据这些结果，艾氏狗脂鲤可被视为食物网中汞生物放大作用的指标，以及对将这种鱼纳入其饮食的人群的潜在风险。
