Berra Kathy
Stanford Prevention Research Center, California, USA.
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2004 Dec;16(12):526-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2004.tb00432.x.
To provide nurse practitioners (NPs) with clinical and practical information about the use of niacin in the treatment of dyslipidemia.
Research-based and review articles in the medical literature and National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines.
Niacin provides beneficial effects on all major lipid fractions, particularly high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Niacin also reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol; lipoprotein (a); and the number of highly atherogenic small, dense LDL particles. Niacin promotes angiographic regression when used in combination with other drugs that lower LDL cholesterol and can reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary heart disease. Several niacin formulations are available, but the safety (i.e., from hepatotoxicity) and tolerability (i.e., severity of flushing) of these niacin formulations may differ.
Niacin therapy is appropriate for many types of lipid abnormalities, including complex dyslipidemias. NPs can take several steps to minimize potential side effects of niacin therapy and to ensure that patients adhere to this important intervention.
为执业护士提供有关烟酸在血脂异常治疗中应用的临床及实用信息。
医学文献中的基于研究的文章和综述文章以及国家胆固醇教育计划指南。
烟酸对所有主要脂质成分均有有益作用，尤其是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯。烟酸还可降低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、脂蛋白（a）以及具有高度致动脉粥样硬化性的小而密LDL颗粒的数量。烟酸与其他降低LDL胆固醇的药物联合使用时可促进血管造影显示的病变消退，并可降低冠心病患者的心血管风险。有几种烟酸制剂可供选择，但这些烟酸制剂的安全性（即肝毒性方面）和耐受性（即潮红的严重程度）可能有所不同。
烟酸治疗适用于多种类型的脂质异常，包括复杂的血脂异常。执业护士可采取多个步骤以尽量减少烟酸治疗的潜在副作用，并确保患者坚持这一重要干预措施。
