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支持大型组织中的持续学习:群体和组织视角的作用。

Supporting continuous learning in a large organization: the role of group and organizational perspectives.

作者信息

Mulholland Paul, Zdrahal Zdenek, Domingue John

机构信息

Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.

出版信息

Appl Ergon. 2005 Mar;36(2):127-34. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2004.09.009. Epub 2004 Dec 24.

Abstract

Many organizations recognize the need to continuously adapt and learn in order to survive and remain competitive. Learning and therefore change in organizations is driven in two ways. First, there is strategically driven learning, motivated by high-level factors such as market changes, company mergers and newly emerging approaches to organizational management and workplace learning. These changes reveal themselves in the introduction of new training programmes, recruitment strategies and knowledge management methodologies. Second, there is local, continuous learning occurring from the ground up. This is revealed as workers become more adept at their job through experience and collaboration with colleagues. Continuous learning is more gradual and requires local autonomy. This paper describes an experiment in supporting local, continuous learning, and its dissemination, but driven by a strategic initiative of the organization. This work raised many issues concerning the difficulty of integrating local and global organizational influences on learning. We outline lessons learned and suggestions as to the extent to which it is possible to align continuous learning with a company-wide perspective.

摘要

许多组织认识到,为了生存并保持竞争力,需要不断适应和学习。组织中的学习以及由此带来的变革有两种驱动方式。首先,存在战略驱动的学习,其动力来自诸如市场变化、公司合并以及新出现的组织管理和职场学习方法等高层面因素。这些变化体现在新培训项目的引入、招聘策略和知识管理方法中。其次,存在自下而上的局部持续学习。这表现为员工通过经验积累以及与同事协作,在工作中变得更加熟练。持续学习更为渐进,需要局部自主性。本文描述了一项支持局部持续学习及其传播的实验,但该实验是由组织的一项战略举措推动的。这项工作引发了许多关于整合局部和全球组织对学习的影响所面临的困难的问题。我们概述了所吸取的经验教训以及关于在何种程度上能够使持续学习与全公司视角保持一致的建议。

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