Foster William H, Vaughan Roger D
The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005 Jan;28(1):27-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2004.10.003.
We conducted an empirical test of the assertion that absenteeism related to substance abuse and dependence among workers is an important contributor to the cost of doing business among American companies, a cost sufficient to motivate firms to aggressively intervene to eliminate abuse and dependence among their employees. The results of this analysis, based on relevant national data sets, suggest that such abuse-based absenteeism is, at best, an incidental cost to business and is insufficient to justify significant prophylactic or therapeutic investments of scarce human resource dollars to achieve an abuse and dependence free workplace. These findings force both public and private sector policymakers to turn to a "hazardous use"/"critical incident" rational as the basis of their argument that American business should invest human resource dollars in specific programs and technologies designed to achieve a drug-free workplace.
我们对一种说法进行了实证检验，即员工中与药物滥用及依赖相关的旷工现象是美国公司经营成本的一个重要因素，这一成本足以促使企业积极干预以消除员工中的药物滥用及依赖问题。基于相关全国数据集的该分析结果表明，这种基于药物滥用的旷工充其量只是企业的一项附带成本，不足以证明将稀缺的人力资源资金大量投入预防性或治疗性措施以实现无药物滥用及依赖的工作场所是合理的。这些研究结果迫使公共和私营部门的政策制定者转而采用“危险使用”/“关键事件”理论，作为他们主张美国企业应将人力资源资金投入旨在实现无毒品工作场所的特定项目和技术的论据基础。
