颅内表皮样肿瘤的磁共振成像和质子磁共振波谱分析

Magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of intracranial epidermoid tumors.

作者信息

Nguyen Jeremy B, Ahktar Naveed, Delgado Pablo N, Lowe Lisa H

机构信息

Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.

出版信息

Crit Rev Comput Tomogr. 2004;45(5-6):389-427.

PMID:15747577

Abstract

Intracranial epidermoid tumors or cysts are considered benign lesions. Differentiation of epidermoid tumors from arachnoid cysts is important for appropriate patient care because the treatment is different for each lesion. Arachnoid cysts can appear very similar to epidermoid tumors on computed tomography (CT). Epidermoid tumors can grow in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern, the most common location of these lesions, resulting in trigeminal neuralgia and facial paralysis. Treatment for epidermoid tumors is exclusively surgery. Arachnoid cyst, on the other hand, is a benign condition that rarely produces symptoms. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have allowed more accurate imaging diagnosis of epidermoid tumors. This article reviews the recent advances in MRI using conventional T1W, post-contrast T1W, T2W, steady-state free precession imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the imaging diagnosis of epidermoid tumors.

摘要

颅内表皮样肿瘤或囊肿被认为是良性病变。区分表皮样肿瘤与蛛网膜囊肿对于患者的恰当治疗很重要，因为每种病变的治疗方法不同。在计算机断层扫描（CT）上，蛛网膜囊肿可能与表皮样肿瘤非常相似。表皮样肿瘤可生长于桥小脑角（CPA）池，这是这些病变最常见的部位，可导致三叉神经痛和面神经麻痹。表皮样肿瘤的治疗只能通过手术。另一方面，蛛网膜囊肿是一种很少产生症状的良性疾病。磁共振成像（MRI）的最新进展使得对表皮样肿瘤的成像诊断更加准确。本文综述了利用常规T1加权成像、增强后T1加权成像、T2加权成像、稳态自由进动成像、液体衰减反转恢复序列（FLAIR）、扩散加权成像（DWI）以及质子磁共振波谱（MRS）等MRI技术在表皮样肿瘤成像诊断方面的最新进展。