Cericatto R, Pozzobon A, Morsch D M, Menke C H, Brum I S, Spritzer P M
Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil.
Steroids. 2005 Mar;70(3):153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2004.10.013.
Fibroadenomas are the most common benign lump in females. The study of gene alterations and/or deregulation in reproductive years may help explain hormonal physiological processes involved in nodule development and evolution. The objective was to compare ER-alpha, c-myc, and bcl-2 gene expression in breast fibroadenomas and in normal tissue and evaluate menstrual cycle, parity, and oral contraceptive influences. Fifty-seven premenopausal women (14-49 years) undergoing surgical removal of fibroadenomas were selected. Samples from fibroadenomas and circumjacent normal tissue were obtained for RT-PCR paired analysis. Patients were divided in groups according to menstrual cycle, use of contraceptives and parity. Tissue from 32 patients was adequate for RT-PCR. Paired analysis showed higher expression of ER-alpha (P=0.012) and bcl-2 (P=0.001) in fibroadenomas than in normal breast, while c-myc presented a similar expression (P=0.655). ER-alpha was higher in fibroadenomas of patients in follicular phase versus contraceptive users and normal tissue (P=0.003); bcl-2 was higher in fibroadenomas of patients in luteal phase than in the normal samples from all groups (P=0.007). c-myc did not differ according to menstrual cycle, but was higher in fibroadenomas>3 cm versus<3 cm (P=0.015) and in nulliparous women (P=0.04). A positive correlation between c-myc levels and fibroadenoma diameter was demonstrated (r=0.536; P=0.007). Nulliparous mean nodule diameter was superior than parous women (P=0.008). In conclusion, the expression of ER-alpha, bcl-2 and c-myc depends on hormonal and reproductive factors, with a possible contribution to lump formation and evolution.
纤维腺瘤是女性最常见的良性肿块。对生育期基因改变和/或失调的研究可能有助于解释参与结节发生和演变的激素生理过程。目的是比较乳腺纤维腺瘤和正常组织中雌激素受体α（ER-α）、原癌基因c-myc和抗凋亡基因bcl-2的表达，并评估月经周期、生育情况和口服避孕药的影响。选取57例接受纤维腺瘤手术切除的绝经前女性（14 - 49岁）。获取纤维腺瘤及周围正常组织样本进行逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）配对分析。根据月经周期、避孕药使用情况和生育情况将患者分组。32例患者的组织样本适合进行RT-PCR分析。配对分析显示，纤维腺瘤中ER-α（P = 0.012）和bcl-2（P = 0.001）的表达高于正常乳腺组织，而c-myc表达相似（P = 0.655）。卵泡期患者纤维腺瘤中的ER-α高于使用避孕药者及正常组织（P = 0.003）；黄体期患者纤维腺瘤中的bcl-2高于所有组的正常样本（P = 0.007）。c-myc在月经周期各阶段无差异，但在直径>3 cm的纤维腺瘤中高于直径<3 cm的纤维腺瘤（P = 0.015），在未生育女性中也较高（P = 0.04）。c-myc水平与纤维腺瘤直径呈正相关（r = 0.536；P = 0.007）。未生育女性的平均结节直径大于已生育女性（P = 0.008）。总之，ER-α、bcl-2和c-myc的表达取决于激素和生殖因素，可能对肿块的形成和演变有影响。
