McDonald Stuart W, Russell David
Laboratory of Human Anatomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Clin Anat. 2005 Apr;18(3):155-63. doi: 10.1002/ca.20078.
This article examines William Hunter's specimens on bone in the Anatomy Museum at the University of Glasgow. By referring to students' notes taken at Hunter's lectures and to the Manuscript Catalogue of his anatomical specimens, we attempt to answer the question, "What did William Hunter know about bone?" Hunter seems to have been particularly interested in the relationship between vascularisation and ossification and many of the specimens illustrate this. He provided his students with reasoned arguments on a number of issues: that the marrow serves as a fat store and not to produce synovial fluid or to keep bones supple; the periosteum serves as an attachment for tendons and ligaments; the rationale for the presence of epiphyses is not readily defined; that bones form by intramembranous and endochondral ossification and that, in the latter, cartilage is replaced by bone. William Hunter narrowly failed to realise that in long bones new bone is laid down by the periosteum and at the epiphysial plates, and is remodeled. These discoveries were to be made by his brother, John.
本文研究了格拉斯哥大学解剖博物馆中威廉·亨特的骨骼标本。通过参考学生在亨特讲座上所做的笔记以及他解剖标本的手稿目录，我们试图回答“威廉·亨特对骨骼了解多少？”这个问题。亨特似乎对血管形成与骨化之间的关系特别感兴趣，许多标本都说明了这一点。他就一些问题向学生提供了合理的论据：骨髓是作为脂肪储存库，而不是产生滑液或保持骨骼柔韧；骨膜是肌腱和韧带的附着处；骨骺存在的基本原理不易界定；骨骼通过膜内成骨和软骨内成骨形成，在后者中，软骨被骨替代。威廉·亨特差一点就没能认识到，在长骨中，新骨是由骨膜和骨骺板沉积，并进行重塑的。这些发现是由他的弟弟约翰做出的。
