Cozzini M, Fetter A L, Jackson B, Stringari S
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and BEC-INFM, I-38050 Povo, Italy.
Phys Rev Lett. 2005 Mar 18;94(10):100402. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.100402. Epub 2005 Mar 16.
We study the normal modes of a two-dimensional rotating Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quadratic plus quartic trap. Hydrodynamic theory and sum rules are used to derive analytical predictions for the collective frequencies in the limit of high angular velocities Omega where the vortex lattice produced by the rotation exhibits an annular structure. We predict a class of excitations with frequency sqrt[6]Omega in the rotating frame, irrespective of the mode multipolarity m, as well as a class of low energy modes with frequency proportional to |m|/Omega. The predictions are in good agreement with results of numerical simulations based on the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The same analysis is also carried out at even higher angular velocities, where the system enters the giant vortex regime.
我们研究了限制在二次加四次势阱中的二维旋转玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体的正常模式。利用流体动力学理论和求和规则,在高角速度Ω的极限情况下推导集体频率的解析预测,其中旋转产生的涡旋晶格呈现环形结构。我们预测在旋转参考系中存在一类频率为√6Ω的激发,与模式多极性m无关,以及一类频率与|m|/Ω成正比的低能模式。这些预测与基于二维格罗斯 - 皮塔耶夫斯基方程的数值模拟结果高度吻合。在更高的角速度下也进行了相同的分析,此时系统进入巨涡旋状态。