神经元和神经胶质细胞中的胆固醇稳态

Cholesterol homeostasis in neurons and glial cells.

作者信息

Vance Jean E, Hayashi Hideki, Karten Barbara

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 332 Heritage Medical Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2S2.

出版信息

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2005 Apr;16(2):193-212. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2005.01.005.

DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2005.01.005

PMID:15797830

Abstract

Cholesterol is highly enriched in the brain compared to other tissues. Essentially all cholesterol in the brain is synthesized endogenously since plasma lipoproteins are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. Cholesterol is transported within the central nervous system in the form of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoprotein particles that are secreted mainly by glial cells. Cholesterol is excreted from the brain in the form of 24-hydroxycholesterol. Apolipoprotein E and cholesterol have been implicated in the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the progressive neurodegenerative disorder Niemann-Pick C disease is characterized by defects in intracellular trafficking of cholesterol.

摘要

与其他组织相比，大脑中胆固醇高度富集。由于血浆脂蛋白无法穿过血脑屏障，大脑中的所有胆固醇基本上都是内源性合成的。胆固醇在中枢神经系统内以主要由神经胶质细胞分泌的含载脂蛋白E的脂蛋白颗粒形式运输。胆固醇以24-羟基胆固醇的形式从大脑中排出。载脂蛋白E和胆固醇与阿尔茨海默病中淀粉样斑块的形成有关。此外，进行性神经退行性疾病尼曼-匹克C病的特征是胆固醇细胞内运输存在缺陷。