Poelstra Kornelis A, Kahler David M
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-0159, USA.
Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2005 Mar;34(3):148-51.
Applying a stable anterior pelvic external fixator frame is a skill that should be mastered by all orthopedic surgeons who treat acutely injured patients. Splinting of an unstable pelvis during resuscitation can help to reduce the volume of the true pelvis, pending definitive surgical stabilization of the pelvic ring. Supra-acetabular pin placement, less familiar to most surgeons than iliac wing pin placement is, can provide a more reliable pin-bone interface and thus allow improved reduction ability with fewer soft-tissue complications. Because of their location, supra-acetabular pins also seem to be better tolerated than iliac crest pins when used for definitive management of the pelvic ring disruption. A young man who sustained a type II anteroposterior compression injury in a motor vehicle accident presented with symphyseal disruption (7 cm wide) and left anterior sacroiliac joint disruption. During resuscitation, the pelvis was anatomically reduced and stabilized with a supra-acetabular pin-based external fixator. Pin locations, chosen using palpable and cutaneous landmarks, were inserted without additional imaging guidance. The fracture was reduced anatomically, and the frame was used for definitive management of the pelvic ring injury.
应用稳定的前路骨盆外固定架是所有治疗急性受伤患者的骨科医生都应掌握的一项技能。在复苏过程中对不稳定骨盆进行夹板固定有助于减少真骨盆的容积,直至对骨盆环进行确定性手术稳定。与髂骨翼穿针相比,大多数外科医生对髋臼上缘穿针的操作不太熟悉,但它能提供更可靠的针-骨界面,从而在减少软组织并发症的情况下提高复位能力。由于其位置关系,当用于骨盆环损伤的确定性治疗时,髋臼上缘针似乎比髂嵴针耐受性更好。一名在机动车事故中遭受II型前后挤压伤的年轻男性,出现耻骨联合分离(7厘米宽)和左侧骶髂关节前脱位。在复苏过程中,使用基于髋臼上缘针的外固定架对骨盆进行解剖复位和固定。通过可触及的体表标志选择穿针位置,无需额外的影像学引导即可插入。骨折获得解剖复位,该外固定架用于骨盆环损伤的确定性治疗。