Jorge R A D L V C, Moreira G S
Centro de Recursos Hídricos e Ecologia Aplicada, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2005 Jun;61(2):280-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.09.005.
Effects of anthropogenic pollution have been observed at different trophic levels in the oceans, and toxicity tests constitute one way of monitoring these alterations. The present assay proposes the use of two reference substances, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and zinc sulfate, for Perna perna larvae. This common mussel on the Brazilian coast is used as a bioindicator and is of economic interest. The chronic static embryo-larval test of short duration (48 h) was employed to determine the NOEC, LOEC, and IC50 for SDS and zinc sulfate, as well as the coefficient of variation. Salinity, pH and un-ionized ammonia (NH3) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were measured to monitor water quality. The results demonstrated that the main alterations in veliger larvae are the development of only one shell, protruded mantle, malformed shell, formation of only part of a valve, clipped edges, uneven sizes and presence of a concave or convex hinge. NOEC values were lower than 0.25 mg L(-1) for zinc sulfate and 0.68 mg L(-1) for SDS. The coefficient of variation was 17.63% and 2.50% for zinc sulfate and SDS, respectively.
在海洋的不同营养级已观察到人为污染的影响，毒性测试是监测这些变化的一种方式。本试验提出使用两种参考物质，即十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和硫酸锌，对翡翠贻贝幼虫进行测试。这种巴西海岸常见的贻贝被用作生物指示剂，且具有经济价值。采用短期（48小时）慢性静态胚胎-幼虫试验来确定SDS和硫酸锌的无可见效应浓度（NOEC）、最低可见效应浓度（LOEC）和半数抑制浓度（IC50），以及变异系数。测量盐度、pH值、非离子氨（NH3）和溶解氧（DO）浓度以监测水质。结果表明，担轮幼虫的主要变化包括仅发育一个贝壳、外套膜突出、贝壳畸形、仅形成部分瓣膜、边缘缺损、大小不均以及存在凹凸不平的铰合部。硫酸锌的NOEC值低于0.25毫克/升，SDS的NOEC值低于0.68毫克/升。硫酸锌和SDS的变异系数分别为17.63%和2.50%。
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