Mahroof Rizana, Subramanyam Bhadriraju, Flinn Paul
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2005 Apr;98(2):626-33. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-98.2.626.
Managing stored-product insect pests by heating the ambient air of a food-processing facility to high temperatures (50-60 degrees C), also referred to as heat treatment, is an effective technology that has been used since the early 1900s. The minimum temperature during heat treatment for effective disinfestation is 50 degrees C. The effect of sublethal exposures to 50 degrees C on the reproductive performance of stored-product insects associated with food-processing facilities is unknown. The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), is a pest commonly found in food-processing facilities worldwide. The adverse effects on fecundity, egg-to-adult survival, and progeny production of T. castaneum exposed as 1-d-old pupae and 2-wk-old adults to 50 degrees C for 60 and 39 min, respectively, were determined in the laboratory. Pupae and adults exposed for the same time periods at 28 degrees C served as the control treatment. Four possible reciprocal crosses were carried out among adults from the heat-treated (50 degrees C) and control (28 degrees C) treatments. The number of eggs produced during the first 2 wk of adult life, survival of these eggs to adulthood, and adult progeny production after 2 and 8 wk of oviposition in treatments representing all four reciprocal crosses were determined. Fecundity, egg-to-adult survival, and adult progeny production decreased by 17-63, 52-63, and 66-78%, respectively, when males, females, and both males and females were exposed to 50 degrees C. These effects were relatively more pronounced in treatments in which pupae were exposed to the high temperature compared to adults, and in exposed females than in males. The impaired reproductive performance in T. castaneum pupae and adults surviving sublethal exposures to the minimum heat treatment temperature is valuable for understanding population rebound following a heat treatment intervention.
通过将食品加工设施的环境空气加热到高温（50 - 60摄氏度）来管理仓储害虫，这也被称为热处理，是一项自20世纪初就已使用的有效技术。热处理有效灭虫的最低温度为50摄氏度。亚致死暴露于50摄氏度对与食品加工设施相关的仓储害虫繁殖性能的影响尚不清楚。赤拟谷盗（Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)）是一种在全球食品加工设施中常见的害虫。在实验室中，分别测定了1日龄蛹和2周龄成虫暴露于50摄氏度60分钟和39分钟对赤拟谷盗繁殖力、卵到成虫的存活率以及子代产量的不利影响。在28摄氏度下暴露相同时间段的蛹和成虫作为对照处理。对来自热处理（50摄氏度）和对照（28摄氏度）处理的成虫进行了四种可能的正反交。测定了代表所有四种正反交处理的成虫生命最初2周内产的卵数、这些卵到成虫的存活率以及产卵2周和8周后的成虫子代产量。当雄性、雌性以及雌雄两性都暴露于50摄氏度时，繁殖力、卵到成虫的存活率和成虫子代产量分别下降了17 - 63%、52 - 63%和66 - 78%。与成虫相比，蛹暴露于高温的处理中这些影响相对更明显，并且暴露的雌性比雄性更明显。赤拟谷盗蛹和成虫在亚致死暴露于最低热处理温度后繁殖性能受损，这对于理解热处理干预后的种群反弹很有价值。
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