VEGF-C的过表达会导致再生皮肤出现短暂的淋巴管增生,但不会增加淋巴管生成。

Overexpression of VEGF-C causes transient lymphatic hyperplasia but not increased lymphangiogenesis in regenerating skin.

作者信息

Goldman Jeremy, Le Thomas X, Skobe Mihaela, Swartz Melody A

机构信息

Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill, USA.

出版信息

Circ Res. 2005 Jun 10;96(11):1193-9. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000168918.27576.78. Epub 2005 May 12.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C is necessary for lymphangiogenesis and holds potential for lymphangiogenic therapy in diseases lacking adequate lymphatic drainage. However, the ability of VEGF-C to enhance sustainable, functional lymphatic growth in adult tissues remains unclear. To address this, we evaluated VEGF-C overexpression in adult lymphangiogenesis in regenerating skin. We used a model of mouse tail skin regeneration incorporating a suspension of either VEGF-C overexpressing tumor cells, which provide a continuous supplement of excess VEGF-C to the natural regenerating environment for more than 25 days, or otherwise identical control-transfected tumor cells. We found that excess VEGF-C did not enhance the rate of lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) migration, the density of lymphatic vessels, or the rate of functionality -- even though lymphatic hyperplasia was present early on. Furthermore, the hyperplasia disappeared when VEGF-C levels diminished, which occurred after 25 days, rendering the lymphatics indistinguishable from those in control groups. In vitro, we showed that whereas cell-derived VEGF-C could induce chemoattraction of LECs across a membrane (which involves amoeboid-like transmigration), it did not increase LEC chemoinvasion within a 3-dimensional fibrin matrix (which requires proteolytic migration). These results suggest that whereas excess VEGF-C may enhance early LEC proliferation and cause lymphatic vessel hyperplasia, it does not augment the physiological rate of migration or functionality, and by itself cannot sustain any lasting effects on lymphatic size, density, or organization in regenerating adult skin.

摘要

血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)-C对淋巴管生成至关重要,在缺乏足够淋巴引流的疾病中具有淋巴管生成治疗的潜力。然而,VEGF-C增强成年组织中可持续功能性淋巴生长的能力仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题,我们评估了VEGF-C在再生皮肤成年淋巴管生成中的过表达情况。我们使用了小鼠尾部皮肤再生模型,该模型包含过表达VEGF-C的肿瘤细胞悬液或经相同转染的对照肿瘤细胞悬液,过表达VEGF-C的肿瘤细胞可在超过25天的时间里为自然再生环境持续提供过量的VEGF-C。我们发现,尽管早期存在淋巴管增生,但过量的VEGF-C并未提高淋巴管内皮细胞(LEC)的迁移率、淋巴管密度或功能率。此外,当VEGF-C水平在25天后下降时,增生消失,使得淋巴管与对照组的淋巴管无法区分。在体外,我们发现细胞衍生的VEGF-C虽然可以诱导LEC跨膜趋化吸引(这涉及类阿米巴样迁移),但在三维纤维蛋白基质中并未增加LEC的趋化侵袭(这需要蛋白水解迁移)。这些结果表明,过量的VEGF-C可能会增强早期LEC增殖并导致淋巴管增生,但不会提高生理迁移率或功能,并且其本身无法对再生成年皮肤中的淋巴管大小、密度或组织结构产生任何持久影响。

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