Hagen K, Langbein J, Schmied C, Lexer D, Waiblinger S
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.
Physiol Behav. 2005 Jun 2;85(2):195-204. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.03.019.
Heart rate variability parameters in the time, frequency and nonlinear domains were investigated in two breeds of dairy cows (Austrian Simmental and Brown Swiss) milked either in an automatic milking system with partially forced cow traffic or in a herringbone milking parlour. Recordings were made of 24 cows (six of each breed and milking system) during lying, standing idle, and standing being milked, and analysed with linear mixed effects models taking the covariates time of day, live body weight, milk yield, stage of lactation and stage of pregnancy into account. Heart rate and nonlinear deterministic shares were higher, and heart rate variability in the time and frequency domains was lower, later in the day, in cows with higher body weight and in Simmental compared to Brown Swiss cows. Differences in the linear and nonlinear domains during lying indicated an increased level of chronic stress in cows in the automatic milking system with partially forced cow traffic, compared to cows milked in the herringbone milking parlour. No effects of milking system were found during milking, indicating that the stressor in the automatic milking system was not the milking process itself.
在两种奶牛品种（奥地利西门塔尔牛和瑞士褐牛）中，研究了时间、频率和非线性域中的心率变异性参数。这些奶牛分别在具有部分强制奶牛流动的自动挤奶系统或鱼骨式挤奶厅中挤奶。记录了24头奶牛（每个品种和挤奶系统各6头）在躺卧、站立闲置和站立挤奶时的情况，并使用线性混合效应模型进行分析，该模型考虑了协变量，包括一天中的时间、体重、产奶量、泌乳阶段和怀孕阶段。与瑞士褐牛相比，西门塔尔牛在一天中较晚的时候、体重较高的奶牛中，心率和非线性确定性份额较高，而时间和频率域中的心率变异性较低。躺卧期间线性和非线性域的差异表明，与在鱼骨式挤奶厅挤奶的奶牛相比，在具有部分强制奶牛流动的自动挤奶系统中的奶牛慢性应激水平有所增加。在挤奶期间未发现挤奶系统的影响，这表明自动挤奶系统中的应激源不是挤奶过程本身。
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