Clulow J, Jones R C, Murdoch R N
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
J Reprod Fertil. 1992 Mar;94(2):295-303. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0940295.
Demembranated spermatozoa from the rete testis developed vigorous flagellation when reactivated with ATP, but showed no forward progression such as that seen in samples from the cauda epididymidis. The proportion of spermatozoa that were reactivated was smaller for samples from the rete testis than from the cauda epididymidis. Studies in vitro of undiluted micropuncture samples from the epididymis indicated that the activity of spermatozoa is suppressed as they develop the capacity for motility. However, as spermatozoa spontaneously became activated during the collection or subsequent incubation of undiluted samples, it was concluded that the suppressive action is labile. The activity of spermatozoa in vitro was examined in diluted samples from the cauda epididymidis. A concentration of 2.5 mmol extracellular calcium/l was better than lower concentrations. Diluents at pH 5.5 completely inhibited sperm motility when they contained 20 mmol lactate/l (but not glutamate) and the effect was reversed by readjusting the diluent to pH 7.4. However, lactate was not considered to suppress sperm motility in situ, as the plasma from the cauda epididymidis contained only 2.7 +/- 0.5 mmol lactate/l. There was no effect of sodium concentration (1 and 115 mmol/l), pH (5.5 and 7.4) or amiloride (0 and 1 mmol/l) on sperm motility, indicating that motility is not dependent on the concentration of sodium above 1 mmol/l or on a sodium-proton exchange system. The relative viscosity of plasma from the cauda epididymidis did not affect the motility of spermatozoa.
来自睾丸网的去膜精子在用ATP重新激活时会产生强烈的鞭毛运动,但没有出现如附睾尾样本中所见的向前推进。来自睾丸网的样本中重新激活的精子比例比附睾尾样本中的小。对附睾未稀释微穿刺样本的体外研究表明,精子在获得运动能力的过程中其活性受到抑制。然而,由于在未稀释样本的采集或随后孵育过程中精子会自发激活,因此得出结论,这种抑制作用是不稳定的。对附睾尾稀释样本中的精子体外活性进行了检测。细胞外钙浓度为2.5 mmol/L比更低浓度更好。当pH 5.5的稀释液含有20 mmol/L乳酸(而非谷氨酸)时,会完全抑制精子运动,将稀释液pH重新调至7.4可逆转这种作用。然而,乳酸不被认为在原位抑制精子运动,因为附睾尾血浆中仅含2.7±0.5 mmol/L乳酸。钠浓度(1和115 mmol/L)、pH(5.5和7.4)或氨氯吡咪(0和1 mmol/L)对精子运动均无影响,表明精子运动不依赖于高于1 mmol/L的钠浓度或钠-质子交换系统。附睾尾血浆的相对黏度不影响精子运动。