Bijur P E, Kurzon M, Overpeck M D, Scheidt P C
Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
JAMA. 1992 Jun 17;267(23):3166-71.
Millions of US children are exposed to parents who are problem drinkers, yet there is little evidence about the effect of parental alcohol consumption on children's health. The aim of this study was to assess the association between children's injuries and parental drinking.
Survey of a nationally representative sample of the US population by household interview.
12,360 children and parents from single-family households, with data from the Alcohol and Child Health supplements to the 1988 National Health Interview Survey.
Serious injuries--injuries resulting in hospitalization, surgical treatment, missed school, one half day or more in bed.
Children of mothers categorized as problem drinkers had 2.1 times the risk of serious injury as children of mothers who were nondrinkers (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.5). Other measures of mothers' alcohol consumption (ie, average, maximum, and self-rated consumption) were unrelated to child injuries, as were all measures of fathers' drinking. Children of women who were problem drinkers married to men rated as moderate or heavy drinkers had a relative risk of serious injury of 2.7 (95% CI, 0.8 to 8.6) compared with children of nondrinkers.
Children of women who are problem drinkers have an elevated injury risk; children with two parents who are problem drinkers are at higher risk. Further research is needed on potential mechanisms and interventions. Primary prevention might be enhanced if physicians elicited information about parental drinking, helped secure appropriate treatment, and participated in public health efforts to reduce the deleterious effects of alcohol.
数以百万计的美国儿童接触到有酗酒问题的父母，但关于父母饮酒对儿童健康影响的证据很少。本研究的目的是评估儿童受伤与父母饮酒之间的关联。
通过家庭访谈对具有全国代表性的美国人口样本进行调查。
来自单户家庭的12360名儿童及其父母，数据来自1988年全国健康访谈调查的酒精与儿童健康补充调查。
严重伤害——导致住院、手术治疗、缺课、卧床半天或更长时间的伤害。
被归类为酗酒者的母亲的孩子遭受严重伤害的风险是不饮酒母亲的孩子的2.1倍（95%可信区间，1.3至3.5）。母亲饮酒的其他衡量指标（即平均饮酒量、最大饮酒量和自我评定饮酒量）与儿童受伤无关，父亲饮酒的所有衡量指标也与儿童受伤无关。与不饮酒者的孩子相比，嫁给被评为中度或重度饮酒者的男性的酗酒女性的孩子遭受严重伤害的相对风险为2.7（95%可信区间，0.8至8.6）。
酗酒女性的孩子受伤风险升高；父母双方均酗酒的孩子风险更高。需要对潜在机制和干预措施进行进一步研究。如果医生获取有关父母饮酒的信息、帮助获得适当治疗并参与公共卫生努力以减少酒精的有害影响，可能会加强一级预防。
