Kravchenko I K, Semenov V M, Kuznetsova T V, Bykova S A, Dulov L E, Pardini G, Gispert M, Boeckx P, Van Cleemput O, Gal'chenko V F
Mikrobiologiia. 2005 Mar-Apr;74(2):255-60.
The decline of methane oxidizing activities in gray forest soil upon its conversion into arable land was shown to be caused by major changes in biotic and physicochemical properties of soil. Using the method of immune serums, methane-oxidizing bacteria were detected in both forest and agricultural soils, but their populations differed significantly in both abundance and composition. In the forest soil, the number of methanotrophs was an order of magnitude higher than in arable soil, amounting to 3.5 x 10(8) and 0.24 x 10(8) cells/g soil, respectively. All methane-oxidizing bacteria identified in the forest soil belonged to the genus Methylocystis, and 94% of these were represented by a single species, M. parvus. The arable soil was dominated by type I methanotrophs (Methylobacter and Methylomonas, 67.6%), occurring along with bacteria of the genus Methylocystis. In addition, arable soil is characterized by a low content of microbial biomass, lower porosity and water permeability of soil aggregates, and the predominance of nitrogen mineralization processes over those of nitrogen immobilization. These factors can also contribute to lower rates of methane oxidation in arable soil as compared to forest soil.
灰色森林土壤转化为耕地后甲烷氧化活性的下降被证明是由土壤生物和理化性质的重大变化引起的。使用免疫血清法，在森林土壤和农业土壤中均检测到了甲烷氧化细菌，但它们的数量在丰度和组成上均存在显著差异。在森林土壤中，甲烷氧化菌的数量比耕地土壤高一个数量级，分别为3.5×10⁸和0.24×10⁸个细胞/克土壤。在森林土壤中鉴定出的所有甲烷氧化细菌均属于甲基孢囊菌属，其中94%由单一物种小甲基孢囊菌代表。耕地土壤中以I型甲烷氧化菌（甲基杆菌属和甲基单胞菌属，67.6%）为主，同时存在甲基孢囊菌属细菌。此外，耕地土壤的特点是微生物生物量含量低、土壤团聚体孔隙率和透水性较低，以及氮矿化过程比氮固定过程占优势。与森林土壤相比，这些因素也可能导致耕地土壤中甲烷氧化速率较低。
