Huhn Gregory D, Austin Connie, Langkop Carl, Kelly Kate, Lucht Roland, Lampman Richard, Novak Robert, Haramis Linn, Boker Rosemary, Smith Stephanie, Chudoba Maria, Gerber Susan, Conover Craig, Dworkin Mark S
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Jun;72(6):768-76.
In 2002, the world's largest outbreak of neuroinvasive West Nile virus (WNV) disease occurred. Illinois reported 21% of the total cases in the United States, the most among all states. The epidemiology of WNV in Illinois in 2002 was examined to determine factors associated with severe disease and death. A total of 884 cases were identified and there were 66 deaths. The overall attack rate of WNV infection was 7.1 per 100,000 population and this increased with age. The median ages of patients and patients who died were 56 and 78 years, respectively. Among patients who died, 91% were diagnosed with encephalitis and the case-fatality rate for patients with encephalitis was 18.6%. Patients more than 50 years old had a significantly higher risk of being reported with encephalitis (relative risk [RR] = 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.6-4.3%) and death (RR = 22.3, 95% CI = 5.5-90.4%). Clinicians evaluating elderly patients with WNV infection should assess patients closely for progression of disease.
2002年，全球爆发了规模最大的西尼罗河病毒（WNV）神经侵袭性疾病疫情。伊利诺伊州报告的病例数占美国病例总数的21%，在所有州中最多。对2002年伊利诺伊州的西尼罗河病毒流行病学情况进行了调查，以确定与严重疾病和死亡相关的因素。共确诊884例病例，其中66例死亡。西尼罗河病毒感染的总体发病率为每10万人中有7.1例，且随年龄增长而上升。患者和死亡患者的年龄中位数分别为56岁和78岁。在死亡患者中，91%被诊断为脑炎，脑炎患者的病死率为18.6%。50岁以上的患者被报告患有脑炎（相对风险[RR]=3.3，95%置信区间[CI]=2.6 - 4.3%）和死亡（RR = 22.3，95% CI = 5.5 - 90.4%）的风险显著更高。评估感染西尼罗河病毒的老年患者的临床医生应密切评估患者病情进展。
