Kurischko Cornelia, Weiss Gretchen, Ottey Michelle, Luca Francis C
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA.
Genetics. 2005 Oct;171(2):443-55. doi: 10.1534/genetics.105.042101. Epub 2005 Jun 21.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAM is a conserved signaling network that regulates maintenance of polarized growth and daughter-cell-specific transcription, the latter of which is critical for septum degradation. Consequently, cells defective in RAM function (designated ramDelta) are round in morphology, form feeble mating projections, and fail to separate following cytokinesis. It was recently demonstrated that RAM genes are essential in strains containing functional SSD1 (SSD1-v), which encodes a protein of unknown function that binds the RAM Cbk1p kinase. Here we investigated the essential function of RAM in SSD1-v strains and identified two functional groups of dosage suppressors for ramDelta lethality. We establish that all ramDelta mutants exhibit cell integrity defects and cell lysis. All dosage suppressors rescue the lysis but not the cell polarity or cell separation defects of ramDelta cells. One class of dosage suppressors is composed of genes encoding cell wall proteins, indicating that alterations in cell wall structure can rescue the cell lysis in ramDelta cells. Another class of ramDelta dosage suppressors is composed of ZRG8 and SRL1, which encode two unrelated proteins of unknown function. We establish that ZRG8 and SRL1 share similar genetic interactions and phenotypes. Significantly, Zrg8p coprecipitates with Ssd1p, localizes similarly to RAM proteins, and is dependent on RAM for localization. Collectively, these data indicate that RAM and Ssd1p function cooperatively to control cell integrity and suggest that Zrg8p and Srl1p function as nonessential inhibitors of Ssd1p.
酿酒酵母RAM是一个保守的信号网络,它调节极性生长的维持和子细胞特异性转录,后者对于隔膜降解至关重要。因此,RAM功能缺陷的细胞(称为ramDelta)形态呈圆形,形成微弱的交配突起,并且在胞质分裂后无法分离。最近有研究表明,RAM基因在含有功能性SSD1(SSD1-v)的菌株中是必需的,SSD1-v编码一种功能未知的蛋白质,它能结合RAM Cbk1p激酶。在这里,我们研究了RAM在SSD1-v菌株中的必需功能,并鉴定出了两类针对ramDelta致死性的剂量抑制子。我们确定所有ramDelta突变体都表现出细胞完整性缺陷和细胞裂解。所有剂量抑制子都能挽救ramDelta细胞的裂解,但不能挽救其细胞极性或细胞分离缺陷。一类剂量抑制子由编码细胞壁蛋白的基因组成,这表明细胞壁结构的改变可以挽救ramDelta细胞的细胞裂解。另一类ramDelta剂量抑制子由ZRG8和SRL1组成,它们编码两种功能未知的不相关蛋白质。我们确定ZRG8和SRL1具有相似的遗传相互作用和表型。重要的是,Zrg8p与Ssd1p共沉淀,定位与RAM蛋白相似,并且其定位依赖于RAM。总体而言,这些数据表明RAM和Ssd1p协同作用以控制细胞完整性,并表明Zrg8p和Srl1p作为Ssd1p的非必需抑制剂发挥作用。