Jackson J A, Hopkins D M, Xin Z, Hemken R W
Department of Animal Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546.
J Dairy Sci. 1992 May;75(5):1281-6. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(92)77878-3.
The objective of this study was to examine the influence of diets with varying cation-anion balance on performance and humoral responses in young, growing dairy calves. Twenty-eight Holstein and 4 Jersey female calves were blocked at 56 to 70 d after birth according to breed and age and assigned randomly to dietary treatments of 0, 21, 37, and 52 meq(Na + K) - Cl/100 g of dietary DM. Diets were based on cracked corn, dried brewers grains, and oats and were fed for 8 wk. Feed intake and average daily gain tended to increase quadratically, being highest for calves fed the +37-meq diet and lowest for those fed the 0-meq diet. Blood and urine pH increased linearly with increasing dietary cation-anion balance. Plasma Ca increased linearly, and Mg and Cl decreased linearly with increasing cation-anion balance. Plasma Na and P were unaffected by dietary treatments. Urinary Ca, Mg, and Cl excretions decreased linearly; urinary P, Na, and K excretion increased linearly with increasing dietary cation-anion balance. Blood pH increased linearly with increasing dietary cation-anion balance. Blood partial pressure of CO2 and HCO3 increased concurrently with increasing dietary cation-anion balance. Results indicate that altering cation-anion balance may impact DMI and average daily gain in the young ruminant.
本研究的目的是检验不同阳离子-阴离子平衡的日粮对幼小生长奶牛犊性能和体液反应的影响。28头荷斯坦和4头泽西雌性犊牛在出生后56至70天，根据品种和年龄进行分组，并随机分配到日粮处理组，日粮中(Na + K) - Cl的含量分别为0、21、37和52 meq/100 g日粮干物质。日粮以碎玉米、干啤酒糟和燕麦为基础，饲喂8周。采食量和平均日增重呈二次曲线增加趋势，饲喂+37 meq日粮的犊牛最高，饲喂0 meq日粮的犊牛最低。血液和尿液pH值随日粮阳离子-阴离子平衡的增加呈线性增加。血浆钙呈线性增加，镁和氯随阳离子-阴离子平衡的增加呈线性下降。血浆钠和磷不受日粮处理的影响。尿钙、镁和氯的排泄量呈线性下降；尿磷、钠和钾的排泄量随日粮阳离子-阴离子平衡的增加呈线性增加。血液pH值随日粮阳离子-阴离子平衡的增加呈线性增加。血液二氧化碳分压和碳酸氢根离子随日粮阳离子-阴离子平衡的增加而同时增加。结果表明，改变阳离子-阴离子平衡可能会影响幼龄反刍动物的干物质采食量和平均日增重。
