Barch Deanna M, Carter Cameron S
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2005 Sep 1;77(1):43-58. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2004.12.019.
Recent research on schizophrenia indicates that cognitive deficits in this illness are important predictors of functional outcome, highlighting the need for treatments that have a positive impact on cognitive function. Here we explore the hypothesis that acute administration of d-amphetamine can improve cognitive function in individuals with schizophrenia who are well-treated with typical antipsychotics, as well as in healthy controls performing under dual task conditions designed to elicit performance deficits analogous to those found in schizophrenia.
Ten individuals with schizophrenia taking haldol or prolixin and 22 healthy controls performed spatial working memory, language production, and Stroop tasks under both placebo and 0.25 mg/kg of D-amphetamine.
D-Amphetamine improved reactions times on the spatial working memory and Stroop tasks for both individuals with schizophrenia and controls, and improved working memory accuracy in schizophrenia. In addition, D-amphetamine improved language production for both individuals with schizophrenia and controls.
These results provide support for the hypothesis that the adjunctive administration of dopamine agonist can improve cognitive in individuals with schizophrenia taking typical antipsychotics. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the nature of working memory deficits in schizophrenia, and potential future avenues for cognitive enhancement in this illness.
近期关于精神分裂症的研究表明，该疾病中的认知缺陷是功能预后的重要预测指标，这凸显了对认知功能有积极影响的治疗方法的需求。在此，我们探讨这样一个假设：急性给予右旋苯丙胺能够改善使用典型抗精神病药物治疗效果良好的精神分裂症患者的认知功能，以及在旨在引发类似于精神分裂症患者所发现的表现缺陷的双重任务条件下执行任务的健康对照者的认知功能。
10名正在服用氟哌啶醇或奋乃静的精神分裂症患者以及22名健康对照者在服用安慰剂和0.25mg/kg右旋苯丙胺的情况下，分别执行空间工作记忆、语言表达和斯特鲁普任务。
右旋苯丙胺缩短了精神分裂症患者和对照者在空间工作记忆和斯特鲁普任务中的反应时间，并提高了精神分裂症患者工作记忆的准确性。此外，右旋苯丙胺改善了精神分裂症患者和对照者的语言表达能力。
这些结果为多巴胺激动剂辅助给药可改善服用典型抗精神病药物的精神分裂症患者认知功能这一假设提供了支持。我们将根据这些结果对理解精神分裂症工作记忆缺陷的本质以及该疾病未来潜在的认知增强途径的意义进行讨论。
