Vieni S, Latteri S, Lo Dico R
Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche ed Oncologiche, Sezione di Chirurgia Oncologica, Università degli Studi di Palermo.
Ann Ital Chir. 2005 Jan-Feb;76(1):5-7.
Historical writings have described abnormalities of the thyroid gland for more than 3500 years. The relationship between the thyroid gland and goiter has been unknown until the XX century. Originally, what we know today as goiter was described as bronchocele. It was Wharton who in 1656 named the gland "thyroid", not because of the shape of the gland but because of the proximity to the thyroid cartilage. Rare attempts at thyroidectomy were made early on primarily for prevention of suffocation secondary to goiter with little success and a mortality rate as high as 40%. In 1791, Desault performed the first successful partial thyroidectomy. The most notable surgeon of 20th-century was Emil Theodore Kocher, who is considered the father of thyroid surgery. Christian Albert Theodor Billroth also made significant contributions to thyroid surgery.
超过3500年来，历史著作中都有关于甲状腺异常的描述。直到20世纪，甲状腺与甲状腺肿之间的关系才为人所知。最初，我们如今所知的甲状腺肿被描述为支气管囊肿。1656年，是沃顿将该腺体命名为“甲状腺”，并非因其形状，而是因其与甲状软骨的接近程度。早期曾有过罕见的甲状腺切除术尝试，主要是为了预防甲状腺肿导致的窒息，但成功率很低，死亡率高达40%。1791年，德索成功实施了首例部分甲状腺切除术。20世纪最杰出的外科医生是埃米尔·西奥多·科赫尔，他被认为是甲状腺手术之父。克里斯蒂安·阿尔伯特·西奥多·比尔罗特也为甲状腺手术做出了重大贡献。
