Haugen L K
Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
Acta Odontol Scand. 1992 Apr;50(2):65-77. doi: 10.3109/00016359209012748.
Five thousand Norwegians, 2783 females and 2217 males, ranging in age from 16 to 89 years, have been screened for the presence of torus palatinus and/or torus mandibularis and analyzed with regard to size and shape of tori, sex, and age. The tori have been classified according to size as small, medium, and large. No measurements have been made, consistent with the view that these characteristics are non-metrical and should be assessed by means of a standard procedure. The prevalence figures of both tori were fairly low, in accordance with former reports. In torus palatinus there was female predominance, with a sex ratio of 5:3. In torus mandibularis the males were in majority, and the sex proportion was 4:3. In both sexes prevalence of the two tori was highest in the 35- to 65-year age group. Further analysis indicated in both tori a real correlation between prevalence and size and some correlation also between size and shape of torus palatinus but not of torus mandibularis. The figures of concurrence of the two tori were low, denoting a non-significant correlation. Still, the analysis showed that each torus occurred more than twice as frequently in an individual bearing the other torus. Torus morphoanalysis, explaining diverging patterns of clinical conduct in the two tori, and the relative weight of hereditary versus environmental factors as morphogenetic determinants of the condition, including a quasi-continuous genetic or threshold model, have contributed to shed new light on the torus phenomenon. The occurrence and propagation of torus mandibularis complies reasonably well with this model, and the present analysis indicates that even torus palatinus should appropriately be considered a threshold character.
对5000名挪威人（2783名女性和2217名男性，年龄在16至89岁之间）进行了腭隆突和/或下颌隆突筛查，并对隆突的大小、形状、性别和年龄进行了分析。隆突已根据大小分为小、中、大三类。未进行测量，这与这些特征是非计量性的且应通过标准程序评估的观点一致。根据以前的报告，两种隆突的患病率都相当低。腭隆突中女性占主导，性别比为5:3。下颌隆突中男性居多，性别比例为4:3。在两个性别中，两种隆突的患病率在35至65岁年龄组中最高。进一步分析表明，在两种隆突中，患病率与大小之间存在实际相关性，腭隆突的大小与形状之间也存在一定相关性，但下颌隆突不存在。两种隆突同时出现的数字较低，表明相关性不显著。不过，分析表明，在患有另一种隆突的个体中，每种隆突出现的频率是其两倍以上。隆突形态分析解释了两种隆突临床行为的不同模式，以及遗传因素与环境因素作为该病症形态发生决定因素的相对权重，包括准连续遗传或阈值模型，这些都有助于为隆突现象提供新的见解。下颌隆突的发生和传播与该模型相当吻合，目前的分析表明，即使腭隆突也应适当地被视为一种阈值特征。
