Baum Michel, Quigley Raymond
Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75235-9063, USA.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005 Dec;289(6):R1659-64. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00257.2005. Epub 2005 Jul 28.
We have previously shown that neonate rabbit tubules have a lower chloride permeability but comparable mannitol permeability compared with adult proximal tubules. The surprising finding of lower chloride permeability in neonate proximals compared with adults impacts net chloride transport in this segment, which reabsorbs 60% of the filtered chloride in adults. However, this maturational difference in chloride permeability may not be applicable to other species. The present in vitro microperfusion study directly examined the chloride and mannitol permeability using in vitro perfused rat proximal tubules during postnatal maturation. Whereas there was no maturational change in mannitol permeability, chloride permeability was 6.3 +/- 1.3 x 10(-5) cm/s in neonate rat proximal convoluted tubule and 16.1 +/- 2.3 x 10(-5) cm/s in adult rat proximal convoluted tubule (P < 0.01). There was also a maturational increase in chloride permeability in the rat proximal straight tubule (5.1 +/- 0.6 x 10(-5) cm/s vs. 9.3 +/- 0.6 x 10(-5) cm/s, P < 0.01). There was no maturational change in bicarbonate-to-chloride permeabilities (P(HCO3)/P(Cl)) in the rat proximal straight tubules (PST) and proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) or in the sodium-to-chloride permeability (P(Na)/P(Cl)) in the proximal straight tubule; however, there was a significant maturational decrease in proximal convoluted tubule P(Na)/P(Cl) with postnatal development (1.31 +/- 0.12 in neonates vs. 0.75 +/- 0.06 in adults, P < 0.001). There was no difference in the transepithelial resistance measured by current injection and cable analysis in the PCT, but there was a maturational decrease in the PST (7.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.6 +/- 0.1 ohms x cm2, P < 0.05). These studies demonstrate there are maturational changes in the rat paracellular pathway that impact net NaCl transport during development.
我们之前已经表明,与成年近端小管相比,新生兔小管的氯离子通透性较低,但甘露醇通透性相当。与成年动物相比,新生近端小管中氯离子通透性较低这一惊人发现影响了该节段的净氯离子转运,在成年动物中该节段重吸收60%的滤过氯离子。然而,氯离子通透性的这种成熟差异可能不适用于其他物种。本体外微灌注研究使用产后成熟过程中的体外灌注大鼠近端小管直接检测了氯离子和甘露醇的通透性。虽然甘露醇通透性没有成熟变化,但新生大鼠近端曲管的氯离子通透性为6.3±1.3×10⁻⁵ cm/s,成年大鼠近端曲管为1⁶.1±2.3×10⁻⁵ cm/s(P<0.01)。大鼠近端直小管的氯离子通透性也有成熟增加(5.1±0.6×10⁻⁵ cm/s对9.3±0.6×10⁻⁵ cm/s,P<0.01)。大鼠近端直小管(PST)和近端曲管(PCT)中的碳酸氢根与氯离子通透性之比(P(HCO₃)/P(Cl))或近端直小管中的钠与氯离子通透性之比(P(Na)/P(Cl))没有成熟变化;然而,随着出生后发育,近端曲管的P(Na)/P(Cl)有显著的成熟降低(新生动物为1.31±0.12,成年动物为0.75±0.06,P<0.001)。通过电流注入和电缆分析在PCT中测量的跨上皮电阻没有差异,但PST中有成熟降低(7.2±0.8对4.6±0.1 ohms×cm²,P<0.05)。这些研究表明,大鼠细胞旁途径存在成熟变化,影响发育过程中的净NaCl转运。