[Transvesical ureteroneocystostomy: the assessment of vesicoureteral reflux in the kidney transplant].

In 51 heterotopic renal transplants performed in our setting, the continuity of the urinary tract was achieved by transvesical ureteroneocystostomy utilizing the Politano-Leadbetter and Paquin techniques. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in patients submitted to the foregoing techniques. Reflux was observed in only 1 (2.32%) of the 43 patients who were evaluated by voiding cystography. Urinary tract infection (UTI) was observed in 27 patients (62.7%). Of these, 5 (18.5%) had acute pyelonephritis. Most of the patients with no evidence of vesicoureteric reflux presented urinary tract infection (96.3%). The transvesical techniques achieved a low reflux rate. No difference was observed relative to the incidence of reflux for one or the other technique. No relationship could be established between VUR and UTI. Evaluation is warranted in patients with recurrent UTI that is refractory to antibiotic therapy or deterioration of renal function that cannot be ascribed to other causes.