Purnobasuki Hery, Suzuki Mitsuo
Biologi FMIPA , Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo (Kampus C Unair), Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
J Plant Res. 2005 Aug;118(4):285-94. doi: 10.1007/s10265-005-0221-7. Epub 2005 Jul 30.
The aerenchyma differentiation in cable roots, pneumatophores, anchor roots, and feeding roots of the mangrove plant, Avicennia marina (Verbenaceae) was analyzed using a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In all types, cortex cells were arranged in longitudinal columns extending from the endodermis to the epidermis. No cells in the cortex had intercellular spaces at the root tip (0-150 microm), and aerenchyma started developing at 200 microm from the root apex. The aerenchyma formation was due to cell separation (schizogeny) rather than cell lysis. The cell separation occurred between the longitudinal cell columns, forming long intercellular spaces along the root axis. During aerenchyma formation, the cortex cells enlarged longitudinally by 1.8-3.9 times and widened horizontally by 2.2-2.9 times. As a result, the aerenchyma had a pronounced tubular structure that was radially long, elliptical or oval in cross section and that ran parallel to the root axis. The tube had tapering ends, as did vessel elements, although there were no perforated plates. The interconnection between neighboring tubes was made by abundant small pores or canals that were schizogenous intercellular spaces between the wall cells. All aerenchyma tubes in the root were interconnected by these small pores serving as a gas pathway.
利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜，对红树植物白骨壤（马鞭草科）的缆状根、呼吸根、支柱根和吸收根中的通气组织分化进行了分析。在所有类型的根中，皮层细胞呈纵向排列，从内皮层延伸至表皮。在根尖（0 - 150微米）处，皮层中没有细胞间隙，通气组织从根尖200微米处开始发育。通气组织的形成是由于细胞分离（裂生）而非细胞溶解。细胞分离发生在纵向细胞柱之间，沿根轴形成长的细胞间隙。在通气组织形成过程中，皮层细胞纵向增大1.8 - 3.9倍，横向增宽2.2 - 2.9倍。结果，通气组织具有明显的管状结构，径向较长，横截面为椭圆形或卵形，且与根轴平行。这些管的末端逐渐变细，与导管分子一样，尽管没有穿孔板。相邻管之间通过丰富的小孔或通道相连，这些小孔或通道是壁细胞之间的裂生细胞间隙。根中的所有通气组织管都通过这些作为气体通道的小孔相互连接。
