Vashisht R N, Krishan Kewal, Devlal Sunita
Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. r
Indian J Pediatr. 2005 Jul;72(7):573-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02724181.
The present study was conducted to evaluate physical growth and nutritional status of 214 school-going girls ranging in age from 5 to 12 years of rural area in Pauri Garhwal district of Uttaranchal.
Physical growth was evaluated using eleven standard anthropometric measurements viz., height, body weight, sitting height, biepicondylar humerus, bicondylar femur, head circumference, chest circumference, upper arm circumference, biceps skinfold, triceps skinfold and subscapular skinfold. To assess the nutritional status, weight deficit for age, height deficit for age, upper arm circumference deficit for age and triceps skinfold deficit for age have been calculated using NCHS standards.
It has been observed that the well nourished Indian girls and American girls show better performance in physical growth parameters as compared to the Garhwali girls at all ages. The Garhwali girls were found to be comparable with rural Indian girls in their growth status. Grade-I and Grade-II malnutrition was prevalent among the Garhwali girls, however, Grade-III malnutrition was found to be present in only a few girls.
This average to poor nutritional status of the present Garhwali girls may be attributed to low dietary intake, low-middle socio-economic background, uneducated or partially educated parents, large family size, gender discrimination etc.
本研究旨在评估北阿坎德邦鲍里加尔瓦尔地区农村214名年龄在5至12岁的在校女童的身体生长和营养状况。
使用十一项标准人体测量指标评估身体生长情况，即身高、体重、坐高、肱骨双髁间径、股骨双髁间径、头围、胸围、上臂围、肱二头肌皮褶厚度、肱三头肌皮褶厚度和肩胛下皮褶厚度。为评估营养状况，已根据美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）标准计算年龄别体重不足、年龄别身高不足、年龄别上臂围不足和年龄别肱三头肌皮褶厚度不足。
据观察，在所有年龄段，营养良好的印度女童和美国女童在身体生长参数方面的表现均优于加尔瓦尔女童。加尔瓦尔女童的生长状况与印度农村女童相当。I级和II级营养不良在加尔瓦尔女童中普遍存在，不过，仅在少数女童中发现III级营养不良。
当前加尔瓦尔女童的营养状况处于中等至较差水平，这可能归因于饮食摄入量低、社会经济背景处于中低水平、父母未受过教育或部分受过教育、家庭规模大、性别歧视等因素。
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