Sinha P, Oniya O, Bewley S
Conquest Hospital, St Leonard's on Sea, East Sussex, UK.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 May;25(4):334-8. doi: 10.1080/01443610500119739.
The incidence of placenta praevia and accreta has been increasing with rising caesarean section rates. We highlight the increasing incidence of severe post-partum haemorrhage due to placenta accreta. Four cases occurred within 3 years (2002--2004) in a small District General Hospital (DGH) with a delivery rate of 1,800 per year. All of the cases had previous caesarean sections and three had an associated anterior low-lying placenta. These patients were diagnosed to have placenta accreta in the third stage of labour, as the placenta was completely adherent and was difficult to remove. However, two of them had a provisional diagnosis made of placenta accreta and prophylactic measures had been taken in the form of counselling and consent for possible hysterectomy. Patients were counselled regarding this condition, and the possible need for hysterectomy was discussed. Two of them had to be managed by post-partum hysterectomy and the other two were treated conservatively. The purpose of writing these case reports is to warn others of the need for vigilance, particularly in keeping their primary caesarean section rates down and being prepared for long-term complications.
前置胎盘和胎盘植入的发生率随着剖宫产率的上升而增加。我们强调了因胎盘植入导致的严重产后出血发生率的上升。在一家小型地区综合医院(DGH),3年内(2002 - 2004年)发生了4例,该医院每年的分娩率为1800例。所有病例均有剖宫产史,其中3例伴有前置低置胎盘。这些患者在分娩第三阶段被诊断为胎盘植入,因为胎盘完全粘连且难以剥离。然而,其中2例曾初步诊断为胎盘植入,并采取了以咨询和同意可能行子宫切除术的形式的预防措施。就这种情况对患者进行了咨询,并讨论了可能需要子宫切除术的问题。其中2例不得不通过产后子宫切除术进行处理,另外2例接受了保守治疗。撰写这些病例报告的目的是提醒其他人要保持警惕,特别是要降低初次剖宫产率,并为长期并发症做好准备。