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口服咪达唑仑是日间手术麻醉儿童有效的术前用药。

Oral midazolam is an effective premedication for children having day-stay anaesthesia.

作者信息

Parnis S J, Foate J A, van der Walt J H, Short T, Crowe C E

机构信息

Department of Anaesthesia, Adelaide Children's Hospital, South Australia.

出版信息

Anaesth Intensive Care. 1992 Feb;20(1):9-14. doi: 10.1177/0310057X9202000102.

Abstract

The effect of oral premedication was studied in a double-blind, randomised trial of 200 children undergoing day-stay anaesthesia. Midazolam 0.25 mg/kg, midazolam 0.5 mg/kg, diazepam 0.5 mg/kg or a placebo was given orally one hour prior to anaesthesia. Patient state was assessed at nine stages, from administration of the premedication up to and including induction of anaesthesia, using a four-point behavioural scale. Patient state was also assessed postoperatively in the recovery area and the day-stay ward. There was no difference between the four groups until induction of anaesthesia. At this stage 82% of children were either asleep or awake and calm. Patients who received midazolam 0.5 mg/kg were more likely to be asleep or awake and calm at induction rather than other groups (P = 0.05). Children receiving midazolam 0.5 mg/kg or diazepam 0.5 mg/kg slept longest in the post anaesthetic recovery room (P less than 0.005), and spent most time there (P less than .005). There was no difference between groups in the length of time spent in the day-stay ward or in the number of overnight admissions. The study shows that a high proportion of unsedated children are calm at induction of anaesthesia and that oral midazolam is an effective premedication in children for day-stay anaesthesia.

摘要

在一项针对200名接受日间麻醉的儿童的双盲随机试验中,研究了口服术前用药的效果。在麻醉前一小时口服咪达唑仑0.25mg/kg、咪达唑仑0.5mg/kg、地西泮0.5mg/kg或安慰剂。使用四分行为量表,在从给予术前用药直至包括麻醉诱导在内的九个阶段评估患者状态。还在术后恢复区和日间病房对患者状态进行评估。在麻醉诱导前,四组之间没有差异。在此阶段,82%的儿童要么入睡,要么清醒且平静。接受咪达唑仑0.5mg/kg的患者在诱导时比其他组更有可能入睡或清醒且平静(P = 0.05)。接受咪达唑仑0.5mg/kg或地西泮0.5mg/kg的儿童在麻醉后恢复室中睡眠时间最长(P < 0.005),并且在那里停留的时间最长(P < 0.005)。各组在日间病房停留的时间长度或过夜住院人数方面没有差异。该研究表明,很大一部分未使用镇静剂的儿童在麻醉诱导时很平静,并且口服咪达唑仑是儿童日间麻醉有效的术前用药。

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