Ducharme M B, Tikuisis P
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1992;64(5):395-401. doi: 10.1007/BF00625057.
The transient temperature response of the resting human forearm immersed in water at temperatures (Tw) ranging from 15 to 36 degrees C was investigated. Tissue temperature (Tt) was continuously monitored by a calibrated multicouple probe during the 3-h immersions. Tt was measured every 5 mm, from the longitudinal axis of the forearm to the skin surface. Skin temperature, rectal temperature, and blood flow (Q) were also measured during the immersions. The maximum rate of change of the forearm mean tissue temperature (Tt, max) occurred during the first 5 min of the immersion. Tt, max was linearly dependent on Tw (P less than 0.001), with mean values (SEM) ranging from -0.8 (0.1) degrees C.min-1 at 15 degrees C to 0.2 (0.1) degrees C.min-1 at 36 degrees C. The maximum rate of change of compartment mean temperature was dependent (P less than 0.001) on the radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the forearm. The half-time for thermal steady state of the forearm mean tissue temperature was linearly dependent on Tw between 30 and 36 degrees C (P less than 0.01), with mean values (SEM) ranging from 15.6 (0.6) min at 30 degrees C to 9.7 (1.2) min at 36 degrees C and not different between 15 and 30 degrees C, averaging 16.2 (0.6) min. There was a significant linear relationship between the half-time for thermal steady-state of the compartment mean temperature and the radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the forearm for each value of Tw tested (P less than 0.001). The data of the present study suggest that the forearm Q is an important determinant of the transient thermal response of the forearm tissue during thermal stress.
研究了将静息状态的人体前臂浸入温度（Tw）范围为15至36摄氏度的水中时的瞬态温度响应。在3小时的浸泡过程中，用校准的多热电偶探头连续监测组织温度（Tt）。从前臂纵轴到皮肤表面，每隔5毫米测量一次Tt。浸泡过程中还测量了皮肤温度、直肠温度和血流量（Q）。前臂平均组织温度（Tt, max）的最大变化率出现在浸泡的前5分钟内。Tt, max与Tw呈线性相关（P<0.001），平均值（SEM）范围从15摄氏度时的-0.8（0.1）摄氏度·分钟-1到36摄氏度时的0.2（0.1）摄氏度·分钟-1。隔室平均温度的最大变化率取决于（P<0.001）从前臂纵轴的径向距离。前臂平均组织温度达到热稳态的半衰期在30至36摄氏度之间与Tw呈线性相关（P<0.01），平均值（SEM）范围从30摄氏度时的15.6（0.6）分钟到36摄氏度时的9.7（1.2）分钟，在15至30摄氏度之间无差异，平均为16.2（0.6）分钟。对于每个测试的Tw值，隔室平均温度达到热稳态的半衰期与从前臂纵轴的径向距离之间存在显著的线性关系（P<0.001）。本研究数据表明，前臂血流量Q是热应激期间前臂组织瞬态热响应的重要决定因素。
