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在猴子伸手抓握过程中,浦肯野细胞发出有关手形和抓握力的信号。

Purkinje cells signal hand shape and grasp force during reach-to-grasp in the monkey.

作者信息

Mason Carolyn R, Hendrix Claudia M, Ebner Timothy J

机构信息

Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Lions Research Bldg., Rm. 421, 2001 Sixth St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

出版信息

J Neurophysiol. 2006 Jan;95(1):144-58. doi: 10.1152/jn.00492.2005. Epub 2005 Sep 14.

Abstract

The cerebellar cortex and nuclei play important roles in the learning, planning, and execution of reach-to-grasp and prehensile movements. However, few studies have investigated the signals carried by cerebellar neurons during reach-to-grasp, particularly signals relating to target object properties, hand shape, and grasp force. In this study, the simple spike discharge of 77 Purkinje cells was recorded as two rhesus monkeys reached and grasped 16 objects. The objects varied systematically in volume, shape, and orientation and each was grasped at five different force levels. Linear multiple regression analyses showed the simple spike discharge was significantly modulated in relation to objects and force levels. Object related modulation occurred preferentially during reach or early in the grasp and was linearly related to grasp aperture. The simple spike discharge was positively correlated with grasp force during both the reach and the grasp. There was no significant interaction between object and grasp force modulation, supporting previous kinematic findings that grasp kinematics and force are signaled independently. Singular value decomposition (SVD) was used to quantify the temporal patterns in the simple spike discharge. Most cells had a predominant discharge pattern that remained relatively constant across object grasp dimensions and force levels. A single predominant simple spike discharge pattern that spans reach and grasp and accounts for most of the variation (>60%) is consistent with the concept that the cerebellum is involved with synergies underlying prehension. Therefore Purkinje cells are involved with the signaling of prehension, providing independent signals for hand shaping and grasp force.

摘要

小脑皮质和核团在伸手抓握及握持动作的学习、计划和执行过程中发挥着重要作用。然而,很少有研究调查小脑神经元在伸手抓握过程中所携带的信号,特别是与目标物体属性、手的形状和抓握力相关的信号。在本研究中,当两只恒河猴伸手抓握16个物体时,记录了77个浦肯野细胞的简单锋电位发放。这些物体在体积、形状和方向上有系统地变化,并且每个物体都在五个不同的力水平下被抓握。线性多元回归分析表明,简单锋电位发放与物体和力水平显著相关。与物体相关的调制优先发生在伸手过程中或抓握早期,并且与抓握孔径呈线性相关。在伸手和抓握过程中,简单锋电位发放与抓握力呈正相关。物体和抓握力调制之间没有显著的相互作用,这支持了之前的运动学研究结果,即抓握运动学和力是独立信号。奇异值分解(SVD)用于量化简单锋电位发放中的时间模式。大多数细胞具有一种占主导地位的发放模式,该模式在物体抓握维度和力水平上保持相对恒定。一种单一的占主导地位的简单锋电位发放模式跨越伸手和抓握过程,并解释了大部分变异(>60%),这与小脑参与握持协同作用的概念一致。因此,浦肯野细胞参与了握持信号的传递,为手部塑形和抓握力提供独立信号。

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