Barra Ricardo, Popp Peter, Quiroz Roberto, Treutler Hanns-Christian, Araneda Alberto, Bauer Coretta, Urrutia Roberto
Aquatic Systems Research Unit, EULA-Chile Environmental Sciences Center, University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2006 Jan;63(1):52-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.07.025. Epub 2005 Oct 5.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment; they are of concern due to their toxic properties. Anthropogenic activities could contribute in a significant way to the total burden of PAHs in remote mountain areas. In this work, we document the analysis of PAHs deposition through sedimentary records obtained in three remote Andean lakes located in south central Chile. Sediment cores were taken in one of the deepest sections of each lake, ranging from 45 to 135 m depth. Sediments were carefully extruded in 1-cm layers for PAHs and dating analysis (210Pb and 137Cs). Sixteen Environmental Protection Agency prioritary PAHs were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Dating of sediments was possible for only two lakes (Laja and Galletue). The superficial composition of PAHs in each lake is rather similar with a characteristic dominance of perylene; levels ranged 355 to 3050 ng g(-1) d.w. Depositional fluxes averaged 118 microg m2 year(-1) in Laja Lake in contrast to that in Galletue Lake, where average fluxes reach 434 microg m2 year(-1). Dating back to 50 years, PAH profiles did not experience drastic changes despite the rapid development of industrialization over the past 30 years in the surrounding region, indicating that levels and composition remains fairly similar to those of the present. Finally, determined fluxes were in the lower range of depositional fluxes calculated for lakes located in the industrialized northern hemisphere.
多环芳烃（PAHs）在环境中普遍存在；因其毒性特性而备受关注。人为活动可能对偏远山区PAHs的总负担产生重大影响。在这项工作中，我们记录了通过在智利中南部三个偏远安第斯湖泊获取的沉积记录对PAHs沉积的分析。在每个湖泊最深的区域之一采集了沉积岩芯，深度范围为45至135米。沉积物被小心地以1厘米的层厚挤出，用于PAHs和年代测定分析（210Pb和137Cs）。使用带荧光检测的高效液相色谱法分析了美国环境保护局优先关注的16种PAHs。仅对两个湖泊（拉哈湖和加列图湖）的沉积物进行了年代测定。每个湖泊中PAHs的表层组成相当相似，以苝为主导；含量范围为355至3050纳克/克干重。拉哈湖的沉积通量平均为118微克/平方米·年，而加列图湖的平均通量达到434微克/平方米·年。追溯到50年前，尽管过去30年周边地区工业化迅速发展，但PAH分布并未经历剧烈变化，这表明其含量和组成与目前相当相似。最后，测定的通量处于为工业化北半球湖泊计算的沉积通量的较低范围内。
