Stewart Alexandra J, Devlin Phillip M
Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, L2, 75, Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Infect. 2006 May;52(5):329-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2005.07.021. Epub 2005 Sep 19.
Smallpox was a highly virulent, contagious disease. Initial attempts to control the disease by variolation were controversial and dangerous. Variolation was the subject of some of the earliest published clinical trials. Vaccination was discovered by Edward Jenner in 1796. From initial skepticism by the medical community the uptake became so widespread that smallpox vaccination was made compulsory in England and Wales in 1853. Eventually, this led to the eradication of smallpox in 1980. Parallels can be drawn with modern vaccination and the smallpox vaccine especially with the current intense media scrutiny of modern vaccinations.
天花是一种高致病性的传染病。最初通过人痘接种来控制该病的尝试存在争议且危险。人痘接种是一些最早发表的临床试验的主题。1796年爱德华·詹纳发现了疫苗接种。从医学界最初的怀疑,到后来疫苗接种变得如此广泛,以至于1853年在英格兰和威尔士强制进行天花疫苗接种。最终,这导致了1980年天花的根除。现代疫苗接种与天花疫苗之间可以进行类比,尤其是在当前媒体对现代疫苗接种的密切审视之下。