Boyanova Andriana, Hubenova Aneta
Toxicology Clinic, Emergency Medicine Institute Pirogov, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Przegl Lek. 2005;62(6):625-7.
The Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis in the childhood, described for the first time in 1967 in Japan. Although it is rare, the disease has worldwide distribution. Most of the patients are between 1 and 5 years of age. The onset is rapid, with high fever up to 40 degrees C, which lasts for more than 5 days. There are changes in the lingual, buccal and pharyngeal mucosa. Diffuse rash--mostly rubella-like, but never vesiculous may be present. Non-purulent, usually cervical lymphadenitis is present. The complications are mainly from the cardiovascular system: myocardial ischemia, aneurysm formation due to thrombosis, etc. The mortality is 1-2%. We present a case of Kawasaki disease in early childhood that kas caused diagnostic difficulties during the management and treatment.
川崎病是一种儿童期的全身性血管炎,于1967年在日本首次被描述。尽管这种疾病很罕见,但在全球范围内均有分布。大多数患者年龄在1至5岁之间。起病迅速,高热可达40摄氏度,持续超过5天。舌、颊和咽黏膜会出现变化。可能会出现弥漫性皮疹——大多类似风疹,但绝不会是水疱样的。会出现非化脓性的,通常是颈部淋巴结炎。并发症主要来自心血管系统:心肌缺血、血栓形成导致的动脉瘤等。死亡率为1%至2%。我们报告一例幼儿川崎病病例,该病例在管理和治疗过程中造成了诊断困难。