Bascones-Martínez Antonio, Figuero-Ruiz Elena, Esparza-Gómez Germán Carlos
Departamento de Medicina Bucal y Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Med Clin (Barc). 2005 Oct 29;125(15):590-7. doi: 10.1157/13080655.
Ulcers commonly occur in the oral cavity, their main symptom being pain. There are different ways to classify oral ulcers. The most widely accepted form divides them into acute ulcers--sudden onset and short lasting--and chronic ulcers--insidious onset and long lasting. Commonest acute oral ulcers include traumatic ulcer, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, viral and bacterial infections and necrotizing sialometaplasia. On the other hand, oral lichen planus, oral cancer, benign mucous membrane pemphigoid, pemphigus and drug-induced ulcers belong to the group of chronic oral ulcers. It is very important to make a proper differential diagnosis in order to establish the appropriate treatment for each pathology.
溃疡常见于口腔,其主要症状为疼痛。口腔溃疡有不同的分类方法。最被广泛接受的分类形式将其分为急性溃疡(起病急、病程短)和慢性溃疡(起病隐匿、病程长)。最常见的急性口腔溃疡包括创伤性溃疡、复发性阿弗他口炎、病毒和细菌感染以及坏死性涎腺化生。另一方面,口腔扁平苔藓、口腔癌、良性黏膜类天疱疮、天疱疮和药物性溃疡属于慢性口腔溃疡组。为每种病理情况确定合适的治疗方法,进行正确的鉴别诊断非常重要。