Nogueira Fábio T S, Borecký Jiri, Vercesi Aníbal E, Arruda Paulo
Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Biosci Rep. 2005 Jun-Aug;25(3-4):209-26. doi: 10.1007/s10540-005-2886-5.
Uncoupling mitochondrial proteins (UCPs) belong to a discrete family within the mitochondrial anion carrier superfamily. Several uncoupling protein types have been found in mitochondria from mammals and plants, as well as in fishes, fungi, and protozoa. Mammalian UCPs and plant uncoupling proteins (PUMPs) form five distinct subfamilies. Only subfamily III contains both plant and animal uncoupling proteins, as well as UCPs from primitive eukaryotic organisms, which suggest that this group may represent an ancestral cluster from which other UCPs/PUMPs may have evolved. Genetic data indicate that UCPs/PUMPs are regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Tissue/organ- and stress-specific gene expression suggests that UCPs/PUMPs are involved in the general balance of basic energy expenditure, protection against reactive oxygen species, and thermogenesis. Finally, the simultaneous occurrence of PUMP and alternative oxidase, another energy-dissipating system in plant mitochondria, raises the question of their response to biotic and abiotic stress at the transcriptional and functional levels.
解偶联线粒体蛋白（UCPs）属于线粒体阴离子载体超家族中的一个独特家族。在哺乳动物、植物以及鱼类、真菌和原生动物的线粒体中已发现多种解偶联蛋白类型。哺乳动物的UCPs和植物解偶联蛋白（PUMPs）形成五个不同的亚家族。只有亚家族III同时包含植物和动物解偶联蛋白以及来自原始真核生物的UCPs，这表明该组可能代表一个祖先聚类，其他UCPs/PUMPs可能由此进化而来。遗传数据表明，UCPs/PUMPs在转录、转录后和翻译水平上受到调控。组织/器官特异性和应激特异性基因表达表明，UCPs/PUMPs参与基本能量消耗的总体平衡、对活性氧的保护以及产热过程。最后，PUMP与植物线粒体中另一个能量耗散系统——交替氧化酶同时存在，这就提出了它们在转录和功能水平上对生物和非生物胁迫的响应问题。
