Lin Yung-Zen, Huang Fu-Yuan
Departments of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
Acta Paediatr Taiwan. 2005 Jan-Feb;46(1):3-5.
Wheezing is a symptom, not a diagnosis. Wheezing disorders are not equal to childhood asthma. Wheezing in the youngest children is often episodic, associated with upper respiratory infection. Early wheezing disorders, particularly in the first 2-3 years of life, should be considered as largely independent of later childhood asthma. It is difficult to distinguish an initial episode of asthma triggered by a viral respiratory infection from acute viral bronchiolitis. Most of the infants with wheezing have transient conditions associated with diminished airway function at birth and do not have increased risks of asthma or allergies later in life. There is no evidence for an overall beneficial clinical effect of nebulized a2-agonists in acute severe wheezing episodes or acute bronchiolitis in infants, although some may seem to respond.
喘息是一种症状，而非诊断结果。喘息性疾病并不等同于儿童哮喘。最小的儿童出现的喘息通常是发作性的，与上呼吸道感染有关。早期喘息性疾病，尤其是在生命的最初2至3年，应被视为在很大程度上与儿童后期哮喘无关。由病毒性呼吸道感染引发的哮喘初始发作很难与急性病毒性细支气管炎区分开来。大多数喘息的婴儿都有与出生时气道功能减弱相关的短暂情况，且在生命后期患哮喘或过敏的风险并未增加。尽管有些婴儿可能看似有反应，但没有证据表明雾化吸入α2激动剂对婴儿急性重度喘息发作或急性细支气管炎有总体有益的临床效果。
