Legert K Garming, Melén I, Heimdahl A, Stierna P
Department of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Acta Otolaryngol. 2005 Nov;125(11):1195-1202. doi: 10.1080/00016480510038149.
The results of this study confirm that the present rabbit model of dental maxillary sinusitis (dMxS) is reproducible and simulates human dental sinusitis with respect to initiation, progression and inflammation. It is applicable to further studies of sinusitis of odontogenic origin.
To induce acute dMxS in rabbits by using their own oral microflora to create a periapical infection and to follow morphological, radiographic, bacteriological and histological changes to the sinus mucosa.
The experimental animals comprised 26 New Zealand White rabbits. Maxillary premolar root canals were identified bilaterally and the continuously growing germs of the roots were severed by diathermy. The animals were randomized into 2 groups: in Group 1 (n=20) the teeth were left open for the entire study period; in Group 2 (n=6) the root canals were sealed 1 week after the initial intervention. The animals in Group 1 were sacrificed at intervals ranging from 2 h to 9 months after intervention. All animals in Group 2 were sacrificed 6 months after intervention. After macroscopic and radiographic examination, post-mortem inspection of the paranasal sinus cavity and maxillary complex and microbiological sampling, the entire nasal sinus complex with the hard palate in situ was resected and processed for serial coronal sectioning.
In Group 1, after 3 months, the radiographic changes ranged from widening of the periodontal space to bone reaction. At sacrifice, changes in the sinus mucosa ranged from signs of mucosal inflammation to purulent dMxS. Microbial growth, predominantly Gram-negative aerobes, increased over time. In Group 2, the findings were generally more pronounced. Anaerobic microorganisms were predominant. In both groups the findings were consistent with dMxS.
本研究结果证实，目前的兔上颌牙源性鼻窦炎（dMxS）模型具有可重复性，且在发病、进展和炎症方面模拟了人类牙源性鼻窦炎。它适用于牙源性鼻窦炎的进一步研究。
通过利用兔自身口腔微生物群引发根尖感染，诱导兔发生急性dMxS，并跟踪鼻窦黏膜的形态学、影像学、细菌学和组织学变化。
实验动物为26只新西兰白兔。双侧确定上颌前磨牙根管，通过透热法切断牙根不断生长的牙胚。将动物随机分为2组：第1组（n = 20）在整个研究期间保持牙齿开放；第2组（n = 6）在初始干预1周后封闭根管。第1组动物在干预后2小时至9个月的不同时间点处死。第2组所有动物在干预后6个月处死。在进行宏观和影像学检查、鼻窦腔和上颌复合体的尸检以及微生物采样后，切除带有硬腭原位的整个鼻窦复合体并进行连续冠状切片处理。
在第1组中，3个月后，影像学变化范围从牙周间隙增宽到骨反应。处死时，鼻窦黏膜变化范围从黏膜炎症迹象到脓性dMxS。微生物生长，主要是革兰氏阴性需氧菌，随时间增加。在第2组中，结果通常更明显。厌氧微生物占主导。两组的结果均与dMxS一致。
