Tung Ching-Ju, Chen Ching-Min, Lee Pi-Hsia
College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Nurs Res. 2005 Dec;13(4):245-52.
This is a cross-sectional study that purposely selected healthy community centers (HCC) in Taipei City to explore factors affecting volunteers' health training program participation (HTPP). The major objectives were to: (1) examine volunteer's HTPP; (2) explore relationships among volunteers' HTPP, self-efficacy (SE) in healthy community building, and community activities participation (CAP); and (3) identify key factors affecting volunteers' HTPP. A self-developed instrument with validity (content validity index > .91) and reliability (alpha = .63-.87) was used. A total of 250 participants were recruited. Study results revealed that a majority of the volunteers were middle-aged women who held at least a high school education, worked part-time, held Buddhist religious beliefs, were married and were middle class in terms of income. The average HTPP value was 19, with Xin Yi, Zhong Zhen and Bei Tou HCCs exhibiting higher HTPP values. Those not currently employed and housewives volunteers had lower HTPP values. 66.4% of volunteers participated at community activities after training and contributed 60-120 service hours a year. Volunteers' SE in healthy community building was low (M = 2.01, SD = 1.01), which, however, could explain 21% variance of HTPP. Factors affecting HTPP included HCC site, SE and CAP, which accounted for 57% of variance. Study results indicated that SE and CAP could serve as training evaluation indicators and a well-organized training program could increase volunteers' SE. Standard health training programs should incorporate three programs, including volunteerism perception, health promotion, and middle aged and elderly care to thus further improve volunteers' participation in community health activities.
这是一项横断面研究，特意选取了台北市的健康社区中心（HCC），以探究影响志愿者参与健康培训项目（HTPP）的因素。主要目标如下：（1）调查志愿者的HTPP；（2）探究志愿者的HTPP、健康社区建设中的自我效能感（SE）与社区活动参与度（CAP）之间的关系；（3）确定影响志愿者HTPP的关键因素。使用了一份自行开发的具有效度（内容效度指数>.91）和信度（α=.63-.87）的工具。共招募了250名参与者。研究结果显示，大多数志愿者是中年女性，至少拥有高中学历，兼职工作，持有佛教宗教信仰，已婚且收入属于中产阶级。HTPP的平均值得分为19分，信义、中山区和北投健康社区中心的HTPP得分较高。目前未就业的志愿者和家庭主妇志愿者的HTPP得分较低。66.4%的志愿者在培训后参与了社区活动，每年贡献60至120个服务小时。志愿者在健康社区建设中的自我效能感较低（M=2.01，标准差=1.01），然而，这可以解释HTPP中21%的方差。影响HTPP的因素包括健康社区中心的地点、自我效能感和社区活动参与度，它们占方差的57%。研究结果表明，自我效能感和社区活动参与度可作为培训评估指标，组织良好的培训项目可以提高志愿者的自我效能感。标准的健康培训项目应纳入三个项目，包括志愿服务认知、健康促进以及中老年护理，从而进一步提高志愿者对社区健康活动的参与度。
