Cesková E
Psychiatrická klinika LF MU a FN, Brno.
Cas Lek Cesk. 2005;144(12):801-4.
In the first part the meaning of terms cognition and cognitive dysfunction is clarified. Cognitive dysfunction is found in many neuropsychiatric disorders. Majority of studies were done in patients with schizophrenia and dementia. For studying cognitive dysfunction, the most appropriate appear the initial phases of the disease. The next part of the study summarizes the treatment possibilities of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Atypical antipsychotics represent the basal treatment. The improvement of cognitive deficit by atypical antipsychotics is significant, but its importance in real life is small. The new add-on treatment has the potential for further improvement of cognitive dysfunction. This approach includes augmenting effects of neurotransmitters related to cognition (glutamate, noradrenalin, serotonin, acetylcholine). The improvement of cognitive dysfunction can improve the long-term outcome and functional prognosis in patients suffering from schizophrenic disorder.
在第一部分中，阐明了认知和认知功能障碍术语的含义。认知功能障碍见于许多神经精神疾病。大多数研究是在精神分裂症和痴呆症患者中进行的。为了研究认知功能障碍，疾病的初始阶段似乎最为合适。研究的下一部分总结了精神分裂症中认知功能障碍的治疗可能性。非典型抗精神病药物是基础治疗。非典型抗精神病药物对认知缺陷的改善是显著的，但在现实生活中的重要性较小。新的附加治疗有进一步改善认知功能障碍的潜力。这种方法包括增强与认知相关的神经递质（谷氨酸、去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺、乙酰胆碱）的作用。改善认知功能障碍可以改善精神分裂症患者的长期结局和功能预后。
