Johnson R B, Pylypas S P
Department of Periodontics, University of Mississippi, School of Dentistry, Jackson.
J Periodontal Res. 1992 Jul;27(4 Pt 1):239-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01674.x.
The elastic properties of the periodontal ligament have been attributed, in part, to oxytalan fibers, as no other types of elastic fibers are described there. It has been difficult to study the periodontal elastic meshwork by standard microscopic techniques because it is partially obscured by the adjacent periodontal ligament collagen fibers. Our study employed methods which either completely or partially removed mandibular molar periodontal ligament collagen fibers, exposing a previously undescribed periodontal elastic meshwork. The periodontal elastic meshwork was composed of many elastin lamellae containing both peripheral microfibrils of regular arrangement and central microfibrils of irregular arrangement, which could only be demonstrated in oxidized tissues. Peripheral, regularly arranged bundles of microfibrils resembled oxytalan fibers, which were often adherent to the border of the elastin lamella. Elastin lamellae containing irregular microfibrils resembled elaunin fibers. These fibers probably enclosed either blood vessels, nerves or collagen fiber bundles. Peripheral microfibrils attached elaunin to cementum, alveolar bone, blood vessels, and principal periodontal collagen fibers. Thus, the periodontal elastic meshwork is composed of both oxytalan and elaunin fibers. Microfibrils attach elaunin fibers to the adjacent non-elastic tissue and also form bundles which traverse the periodontal ligament space and are probably the oxytalan fibers demonstrable by light microscopic techniques. This meshwork of oxytalan and elaunin fibers probably contributes to tooth support and maintenance of periodontal homeostasis by dissipating chewing forces and maintaining patency of periodontal blood vessels.
牙周韧带的弹性特性部分归因于耐酸纤维，因为在那里未描述其他类型的弹性纤维。用标准显微镜技术研究牙周弹性网络一直很困难，因为它部分被相邻的牙周韧带胶原纤维遮挡。我们的研究采用了完全或部分去除下颌磨牙牙周韧带胶原纤维的方法，从而暴露出一种以前未被描述的牙周弹性网络。牙周弹性网络由许多弹性蛋白薄片组成，这些薄片既包含规则排列的外周微原纤维，也包含不规则排列的中央微原纤维，这只有在氧化组织中才能显示出来。外周规则排列的微原纤维束类似于耐酸纤维，它们常常附着在弹性蛋白薄片的边缘。含有不规则微原纤维的弹性蛋白薄片类似于弹性纤维。这些纤维可能包裹着血管、神经或胶原纤维束。外周微原纤维将弹性纤维附着于牙骨质、牙槽骨、血管和主要的牙周胶原纤维。因此，牙周弹性网络由耐酸纤维和弹性纤维组成。微原纤维将弹性纤维附着于相邻的非弹性组织，还形成穿过牙周韧带间隙的束，这些束可能就是通过光学显微镜技术可显示的耐酸纤维。这种由耐酸纤维和弹性纤维组成的网络可能通过消散咀嚼力和维持牙周血管的通畅，有助于牙齿的支撑和牙周内环境稳定的维持。
