Talesnik Bella, Berzak Elina, Ben-Zion Itzhak, Kaplan Ze'ev, Benjamin Jonathan
Mental Health Center, Ministry of Health, Beer-sheba, Israel; Division of Psychiatry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
J Psychiatr Res. 2007 Aug;41(5):451-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.11.008. Epub 2006 Jan 3.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is currently classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-IV, and as a neurosis or stress-related disorder in ICD-10. It shares many features with depression. Sensitivity to carbon dioxide (CO2), a classic provocation agent in the proto-typical anxiety disorder, panic disorder, has not been tested in PTSD. Twenty rigorously ascertained drug-naïve subjects with PTSD inhaled a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO2; before and after the inhalation they completed measures of PTSD and panic anxiety, and were rated for the presence of a panic attack. These results were retrospectively compared with those of 39 healthy volunteers and 17 patients with panic disorder previously studied by the same research group. PTSD symptoms were not exacerbated by CO2. Two out of twenty PTSD subjects panicked. PTSD subjects' responses were indistinguishable from those of healthy volunteers, and differed from those of subjects with panic disorder. The lack of sensitivity to carbon dioxide in PTSD subjects in the present study adds to the literature on the differences between PTSD and other anxiety disorders, and to that on the specificity of the CO2 challenge in panic disorder.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）中目前被归类为焦虑症，在《国际疾病分类》第十版（ICD-10）中被归类为神经症或应激相关障碍。它与抑郁症有许多共同特征。二氧化碳（CO₂）是典型焦虑症即惊恐障碍中的一种经典激发剂，而对其敏感性尚未在创伤后应激障碍中进行测试。20名经过严格筛选的未服用过药物的创伤后应激障碍患者进行了一次肺活量吸入35%二氧化碳的操作；在吸入前后，他们完成了创伤后应激障碍和惊恐焦虑的测量，并对惊恐发作的情况进行了评分。这些结果与39名健康志愿者以及该研究小组之前研究的17名惊恐障碍患者的结果进行了回顾性比较。创伤后应激障碍症状并未因二氧化碳而加重。20名创伤后应激障碍患者中有2人出现惊恐发作。创伤后应激障碍患者的反应与健康志愿者无异，与惊恐障碍患者的反应不同。本研究中创伤后应激障碍患者对二氧化碳缺乏敏感性，这为关于创伤后应激障碍与其他焦虑症之间差异的文献以及关于惊恐障碍中二氧化碳激发试验特异性的文献增添了内容。
