Mikaelsson Laila, Jacobsson Gunnar, Andersson Rune
The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
J Infect. 2006 Oct;53(4):260-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2005.06.014. Epub 2006 Jan 3.
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a severe opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed patients, caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci. The incidence among HIV negative patients is considered to have increased during the last decade.
We collected data retrospectively from the cases with PCP diagnosed at Sahlgrenska University Hospital between January 1991 and December 2001.
118 episodes of PCP were registered in 108 patients. The most common underlying immunosuppressions were HIV and solid organ transplantation with 29 and 26 cases, respectively. The number of PCP cases did not increase during the study period. Out of the 118 episodes of PCP 89 (75%) were in patients not infected with HIV. No clusters were found among HIV positive patients. We found 5 smaller clusters among non-HIV patients. Among the cases with proven PCP, 17% were on prophylaxis: 30% of the HIV infected patients and 13% of the non-HIV patients.
The number of PCP cases is not increasing, 75% of the patients are HIV negative, Only 17% of the patients were on prophylaxis before the episode of PCP, indicating that not all patients at risk are identified.
肺孢子菌肺炎（PCP）是免疫抑制患者中一种严重的机会性感染，由耶氏肺孢子菌引起。在过去十年中，HIV阴性患者中的发病率被认为有所增加。
我们回顾性收集了1991年1月至2001年12月在萨尔格伦斯卡大学医院诊断为PCP的病例数据。
108例患者中记录了118次PCP发作。最常见的潜在免疫抑制情况是HIV感染和实体器官移植，分别有29例和26例。在研究期间，PCP病例数没有增加。在118次PCP发作中，89例（75%）发生在未感染HIV的患者中。在HIV阳性患者中未发现聚集性病例。我们在非HIV患者中发现了5个较小的聚集性病例。在确诊为PCP的病例中，17%正在接受预防治疗：30%的HIV感染患者和13%的非HIV患者。
PCP病例数没有增加，75%的患者为HIV阴性，只有17%的患者在PCP发作前接受了预防治疗，这表明并非所有高危患者都被识别出来。
