Cloyd Raymond A, Dickinson Amy
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, 384 National Soybean Research Laboratory, 1101 West Peabody Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2006 Feb;62(2):171-7. doi: 10.1002/ps.1143.
The soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. israelensis (Bti), the neonicotinoid insecticides dinotefuran, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothianidin and the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen were evaluated to determine their efficacy against the larval stages of the fungus gnat Bradysia sp nr. coprophila (Lintner) in the laboratory. Treatments were applied as a drench to the growing medium in polypropylene deli containers. The Bti treatments had no effect on either instar tested, whereas all the other compounds negatively affected both the second and third instars. This study demonstrates that the soil bacterium B. thuringiensis var. israelensis may not be active on these larval stages, whereas the neonicotinoid insecticides and the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen are effective on these stages. The fact that Bti is not effective on the second and third instars of the fungus gnat means that greenhouse producers using this insecticide must make applications before fungus gnat populations build up and before overlapping generations develop.
对土壤细菌苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种（Bti）、新烟碱类杀虫剂呋虫胺、吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和氯噻啉以及昆虫生长调节剂吡丙醚进行了评估，以确定它们在实验室中对粪蚊近似种Bradysia sp nr. coprophila（Lintner）幼虫阶段的防治效果。将处理剂作为浇灌液施用于聚丙烯熟食容器中的生长培养基。Bti处理对所测试的任一龄期均无影响，而所有其他化合物均对第二和第三龄期产生负面影响。本研究表明，土壤细菌苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列变种可能对这些幼虫阶段无活性，而新烟碱类杀虫剂和昆虫生长调节剂吡丙醚对这些阶段有效。Bti对粪蚊第二和第三龄期无效这一事实意味着，使用这种杀虫剂的温室生产者必须在粪蚊种群增加之前以及重叠世代出现之前进行施药。
