Vogel M, Bühlmeyer K
Kinderklinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München.
Fortschr Med. 1992 Jun 20;110(17):319-21.
In this second part of our review, the diagnosis of the following congenital heart disease is discussed: aortic stenosis, aortic isthmus stenosis (coarctation of the aorta), Fallot's tetralogy and transposition of the great vessels. Aortic stenosis and coarctation of the aorta each represents a spectrum of cardiac diseases of varying severity. Cases that are clinical less severe may escape diagnosis until late childhood or adolescence. Fallot's tetralogy and transposition of the great vessels in contrast, lead to cyanosis, and are therefore usually diagnosed already in the young infant. In all four conditions, the suspected diagnosis can be established on the basis of clinical or auscultatory findings. Further diagnostic clarification is achieved with the aid of non-invasive procedures such as CT scan, chest X-ray, echocardiography and, where indicated, NMR imaging. Additional cardiac catheterization is required only in the case of the tetralogy of Fallot.
在本综述的第二部分，将讨论以下先天性心脏病的诊断：主动脉瓣狭窄、主动脉峡部狭窄（主动脉缩窄）、法洛四联症和大动脉转位。主动脉瓣狭窄和主动脉缩窄各自代表一系列严重程度不同的心脏疾病。临床症状较轻的病例可能直到儿童晚期或青少年期才被诊断出来。相比之下，法洛四联症和大动脉转位会导致发绀，因此通常在婴儿期就已被诊断出来。在所有这四种病症中，疑似诊断可根据临床或听诊结果来确立。借助CT扫描、胸部X光、超声心动图等非侵入性检查方法，必要时还可通过核磁共振成像，进一步明确诊断。仅在法洛四联症的情况下才需要进行额外的心导管检查。
